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Review
. 2018 May;73(5-6):290-295.

[Aortic dissection]

[Article in French]
V Tchana-Sato  1 , N Sakalihasan  1 , J O Defraigne  1
Affiliations
  • PMID: 29926568
Free article
Review

[Aortic dissection]

[Article in French]
V Tchana-Sato et al. Rev Med Liege. 2018 May.
Free article

Abstract
in English, French

Aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition due to a tear in the intimal layer of the aorta or bleeding within the aortic wall, resulting in the separation of the different layers of the aortic wall. Among the risk factors, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia and genetic disorders of the connective tissue have been identified. A prompt diagnosis and an adequate treatment are important in the management of affected patients. The type of treatment depends on the location and extension of the dissection. Open surgical repair is most commonly used for dissections involving the ascending aorta and the aortic arch, whereas endovascular intervention is indicated for descending aorta dissections that are complicated. In this paper, we will review the epidemiology, and physiopathology of aortic dissection and describe the appropriate management for each type of dissection (open surgery, endovascular or medical treatment).

La dissection aortique est une pathologie grave et potentiellement mortelle. Elle résulte d’une déchirure intimale ou d’un saignement dans la paroi aortique, qui entraîne une séparation au sein des différentes couches de cette dernière. Parmi les facteurs de risque de cette pathologie, citons l’âge, l’hypertension artérielle, la dyslipidémie, et les atteintes génétiques du tissu conjonctif. Un diagnostic précis et une prise en charge adéquate et rapide sont déterminants dans le management des patients. Le type de traitement est conditionné par la localisation et l’extension de la dissection. La chirurgie ouverte est généralement indiquée dans les atteintes de l’aorte ascendante et de l’arche aortique, tandis que l’approche endovasculaire sera privilégiée dans les dissections de l’aorte thoracique descendante compliquées. Dans cet article, nous ferons un rappel succinct de l’épidémiologie et de la physiopathologie des dissections aortiques, puis nous décrirons la prise en charge médicale, chirurgicale ouverte et endovasculaire.

Keywords: Emergency; Endovascular; Surgery; Dissection.

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