All-arthroscopic release for treating severe knee extension contractures could improve the knee range of motion and the mid-term functional outcomes

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of an all-arthroscopic technique for the intra- and extraarticular release of severe knee extension contractures.

Methods: From 2012 to 2016, 25 patients with severe knee extension contractures (less than 45° range of flexion) were treated with an all-arthroscopic release technique. The patients underwent intra- and extraarticular arthroscopic release and arthroscopic-assisted mini-incision quadriceps plasty. The post-operative rehabilitation was initiated the first day after the procedures. Comprehensive clinical follow-up evaluations including the range-of-motion (ROM) assessment, the Lysholm score, and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score were performed on all patients.

Results: The median follow-up time was 28 months (range 12-65 months). The ROM improved from 23.9° ± 7.5° pre-operatively to 105.9° ± 6.5° at the final follow-up (P < 0.001). In addition, the Lysholm score increased from 59.9 ± 5.2 pre-operatively to 89.7 ± 3.3 (P < 0.001). The IKDC score increased from 47.6 ± 3.4 pre-operatively to 91.7 ± 2.4 (P < 0.001). All patients were satisfied with their final ROM and functional outcomes.

Conclusion: The all-arthroscopic release technique was a safe, feasible and effective method for treating severe knee extension contractures. The severe knee extension contractures may be successfully addressed by the all-arthroscopic release technique during our clinical practice.

Level of evidence: IV.

Keywords: All-arthroscopic release; Extraarticular adhesion; Knee extension contractures; Stiffness.