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. 2018 Jul;44(7):1106-1114.
doi: 10.1007/s00134-018-5241-6. Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Impact of the driving pressure on mortality in obese and non-obese ARDS patients: a retrospective study of 362 cases

Audrey De Jong  1 , Jeanne Cossic  2 , Daniel Verzilli  2 , Clément Monet  2 , Julie Carr  2 , Mathieu Conseil  2 , Marion Monnin  2 , Moussa Cisse  2 , Fouad Belafia  2 , Nicolas Molinari  3 , Gérald Chanques  1 , Samir Jaber  4
Affiliations

Impact of the driving pressure on mortality in obese and non-obese ARDS patients: a retrospective study of 362 cases

Audrey De Jong et al. Intensive Care Med. 2018 Jul.

Abstract

Purpose: The relation between driving pressure (plateau pressure-positive end-expiratory pressure) and mortality has never been studied in obese ARDS patients. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between 90-day mortality and driving pressure in an ARDS population ventilated in the intensive care unit (ICU) according to obesity status.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-center study of prospectively collected data of all ARDS patients admitted consecutively to a mixed medical-surgical adult ICU from January 2009 to May 2017. Plateau pressure, compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) and driving pressure of the respiratory system within 24 h of ARDS diagnosis were compared between survivors and non-survivors at day 90 and between obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) and non-obese patients. Cox proportional hazard modeling was used for mortality at day 90.

Results: Three hundred sixty-two ARDS patients were included, 262 (72%) non-obese and 100 (28%) obese patients. Mortality rate at day 90 was respectively 47% (95% CI, 40-53) in the non-obese and 46% (95% CI, 36-56) in the obese patients. Driving pressure at day 1 in the non-obese patients was significantly lower in survivors at day 90 (11.9 ± 4.2 cmH2O) than in non-survivors (15.2 ± 5.2 cmH2O, p < 0.001). Contrarily, in obese patients, driving pressure at day 1 was not significantly different between survivors (13.7 ± 4.5 cmH2O) and non-survivors (13.2 ± 5.1 cmH2O, p = 0.41) at day 90. After three multivariate Cox analyses, plateau pressure [HR = 1.04 (95% CI 1.01-1.07) for each point of increase], Crs [HR = 0.97 (95% CI 0.96-0.99) for each point of increase] and driving pressure [HR = 1.07 (95% CI 1.04-1.10) for each point of increase], respectively, were independently associated with 90-day mortality in non-obese patients, but not in obese patients.

Conclusions: Contrary to non-obese ARDS patients, driving pressure was not associated with mortality in obese ARDS patients.

Keywords: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Critical care; Driving pressure; Intensive care unit; Obese; Obesity.

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