Effects of 3 months of detraining on functional fitness and quality of life in older adults who regularly exercise

Abstract

Background: Little is known about the effects of detraining in older adults, particularly those who regularly exercise.

Aims: To determine the consequences of 3 months of cessation of a habitual supervised exercise on functional fitness and quality of life in aged adults and to explore the associations among those parameters.

Methods: Thirty-eight women and 11 men (mean age 75.5 ± 5.7 years) took part in a physical exercise program for 9 months, followed by a 3-month detraining period. Participants completed physical function tests and questionnaires regarding the quality of life and leisure-time physical activity at the end of the exercise program (baseline) and 3 months later (detraining).

Results: After the detraining period, performance in the 8 Foot Up and Go test (p < 0.001) and the physical and mental components of the quality of life (p < 0.001) declined. Significant correlations were observed when comparing the 8 Foot Up and Go test (p < 0.05), Chair Stand test (p < 0.05), and the 6-min Walk test (p < 0.001) to the physical component of the quality of life after the detraining period.

Conclusion: Three months of a detraining period in older people who habitually undertake supervised activities is enough to produce a decline in dynamic balance and also quality of life. To avoid the deleterious effect of periods of cessation of supervised exercise, as a suggestion, specifically designed exercises could be prescribed for an older population, with emphasis on balance exercises.

Keywords: Aerobic fitness; Aging; Exercise; Fitness; Health.