Zn-containing polymer nanogels promote cervical dentin remineralization

Abstract

Objective: Nanogels designing for effective treatment of eroded cervical dentin lesions.

Materials and methods: Polymethylmetacrylate-based nanoparticles (NPs) were doxycycline (D), calcium, or zinc loaded. They were applied on eroded cervical dentin. Treated surfaces were characterized morphologically by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy, mechanically probed by a nanoindenter to test nanohardness and Young's modulus, and chemically analyzed by Raman spectroscopy at 24 h and 7 days of storage. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparisons tests.

Results: Dentin treated with Zn-NPs attained the highest nanomechanical properties, mineralization, and crystallinity among groups. Nanoroughness was lower in Zn-treated surfaces in comparison to dentin treated with undoped gels. Dentin treated with Ca-NPs created the minimal calcification at the surface and showed the lowest Young's modulus at peritubular dentin. Intertubular dentin appeared remineralized. Dentinal tubules were empty in samples treated with D-NPs, partially occluded in cervical dentin treated with undoped NPs and Ca-NPs, and mineral covered when specimens were treated with Zn-NPs.

Conclusions: Zn-loaded NPs permit functional remineralization of eroded cervical dentin. Based on the tested nanomechanical and chemical properties, Zn-based nanogels are suitable for dentin remineralization.

Clinical relevance: The ability of zinc-loaded nanogels to promote dentin mineralization may offer new strategies for regeneration of eroded cervical dentin and effective treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.

Keywords: Calcium; Cervical dentin; Nanoparticles; Remineralization; Zinc.