Feasibility and safety of combined percutaneous coronary intervention among high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Objectives: Recent reports indicated that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may be correlated with increased mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the feasibility and safety of combined PCI in high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials through June 2016.

Results: Five clinical trials including 1634 patients were identified. The pooled analysis revealed no significant differences in 30-day all-cause mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-3.05; P = 0.62], 30-day cardiovascular mortality rate (OR 1.59, 95% CI 0.52-4.88; P = 0.41) and 1-year mortality rate (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.85-1.59; P = 0.34) among the patients assigned to TAVI and those undergoing TAVI+PCI. The incidence of myocardial infarction (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.03-8.45; P = 0.04) was slightly higher in the TAVI+PCI group. Other complications, such as stroke, kidney injury, bleeding and vascular complications, were not significantly increased in the TAVI+PCI group. Patients treated with a staged procedure of TAVI and PCI but not simultaneous TAVI+PCI showed higher 30-day all-cause mortality as compared to those undergoing isolated TAVI.

Conclusions: Combined TAVI+PCI showed similar rates of death from any cause at 30 days and 1 year as compared to isolated TAVI. Except for myocardial infarction, the rate of operative complications in the TAVI+PCI group was not detrimental as compared to the isolated TAVI group. The simultaneous treatment of significant coronary artery lesions may be preferred in selected patients undergoing TAVI.