Trends in electronic health record usage among US colleges of pharmacy

Abstract

Introduction: Electronic health records (EHRs) are used extensively throughout health systems; this indicates a need for pharmacy student competencies prior to pharmacy practice experiences. The objective was to determine current utility, perceived benefit, and future plans for EHR use in the didactic curriculum of doctor of pharmacy programs in the United States.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to members of two special interest groups through the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Content areas in the 14-question survey included current utilization of EHRs in the didactic curriculum, perceived benefit for preparing students for pharmacy practice experiences, and future plans for implementing or improving EHR use.

Results: A total of 59 (7.7%) individuals responded to the survey, representing 43 out of 133 schools (32%). Of the respondents currently using EHRs (37%), more than 60% have been using an EHR in the classroom for two years or less while 18.2% reported five or more years of experience. The most common application of EHRs was for clinical cases (77%) followed by pharmaceutical care lab courses (59%), other uses in pharmacotherapeutics (27%), and interprofessional education (23%). Of those not currently using EHRs (63%), the vast majority (84%) plan to integrate EHRs into didactic coursework within the next two years.

Conclusions: EHRs appear to be used by many colleges of pharmacy in courses where clinical cases are being discussed. Further research into the value of EHR usage at earlier stages of professional programs, including within skills labs, objective structured clinical examinations, and other pharmacy coursework, may be helpful given increasing EHR use in healthcare settings.

Keywords: Electronic health records; Laboratory course; Pharmacy curriculum; Virtual patient simulation.