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. 2018 Jun 22:9:271.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00271. eCollection 2018.

IL-33/ST2 Pathway and Galectin-3 as a New Analytes in Pathogenesis and Cardiometabolic Risk Evaluation in Psychosis

Milica M Borovcanin  1 , Slavica M Janicijevic  1 , Ivan P Jovanovic  2 , Nevena Gajovic  2 , Nebojsa N Arsenijevic  2 , Miodrag L Lukic  2
Affiliations

IL-33/ST2 Pathway and Galectin-3 as a New Analytes in Pathogenesis and Cardiometabolic Risk Evaluation in Psychosis

Milica M Borovcanin et al. Front Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Schizophrenia and treatment of this disorder are often accompanied with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular issues. Alterations in the serum level of innate immune mediators, such as interleukin-33 (IL-33) and its receptor IL-33R (ST2) and Galectin-3 (Gal-3) were observed in these conditions. Moreover, these parameters are potential prognostic and therapeutic markers. There is also accumulating evidence that these molecules play a role in neuroinflammation. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the serum level of Gal-3, IL-33 and soluble ST2 (sST2) in different stages of schizophrenia. Gal-3 levels were elevated in remission and lower in schizophrenia exacerbation in comparison with controls. Levels of IL-33 and sST2 are higher in schizophrenia exacerbation in comparison with controls and patients in remission. This initial analysis of new markers of neuroinflammation suggested their involvement in schizophrenia pathophysiology and/or cardiometabolic comorbidity.

Keywords: cardiovascular issues; galectin-3; interleukin-33; metabolic syndrome; schizophrenia.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Serum levels of IL-33 and sST2 in FEP patients (n = 77), SC in relapse (n = 45), SC in remission (n = 27) and healthy subjects (n = 18) were determined by ELISA. Data presented as mean ± SE in Table (A). Statistical significance was tested by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test (*p < 0.05). Serum concentrations of IL-33 were higher in FEP and SC in relapse, than SC in remission and healthy control subjects (p ≤ 0.001) (B). Serum concentrations of sST2 were higher in patients with FEP compared to SC in relapse, than higher values were observed in patients with SC in relapse compared with SC in remission (p ≤ 0.01) and SC in remission than control subjects (C).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Significant correlation of IL-33 with positive PANSS items [P4 (r = 0.570; p = 0.002), P6 (r = 0.486; p = 0.010), P7 (r = 0.664; p = 0.000)] and general PANSS symptoms [G2 (r = 0.424; p = 0.028), G4 (r = 0.435; p = 0.023) and G8 (r = 0.396; p = 0.041)].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Serum levels of Gal-3 in FEP patients (n = 77), SC in relapse (n = 45), SC in remission (n = 27) and healthy subjects (n = 18) were determined by ELISA. Data presented as mean ± SE. Statistical significance was tested by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test (*p < 0.05). Serum concentrations of Gal-3 were significantly lower in FEP and SC in relapse groups and higher in SC in remission, compared with group of healthy control subjects.
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