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. 2018 Jul 15;14(7):1109-1118.
doi: 10.5664/jcsm.7204.

Adropin and Inflammation Biomarker Levels in Male Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Link With Glucose Metabolism and Sleep Parameters

Josko Bozic  1   2 , Josip A Borovac  1 , Tea Galic  2   3 , Tina Ticinovic Kurir  1 , Daniela Supe-Domic  4 , Zoran Dogas  2   5   6
Affiliations

Adropin and Inflammation Biomarker Levels in Male Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Link With Glucose Metabolism and Sleep Parameters

Josko Bozic et al. J Clin Sleep Med. .

Abstract

Study objectives: The main objectives of the study were to determine plasma adropin, systemic inflammation biomarker levels, and glucose metabolism parameters in patients with moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared to healthy controls.

Methods: In this study, we included 50 male patients with OSA (25 moderate and 25 severe) and 25 age- and sex-matched control subjects. All subjects underwent fasting sampling of peripheral blood for laboratory analyses.

Results: Adropin plasma levels were significantly lower in the severe OSA group in comparison with the moderate and control groups (4.50 ± 1.45 versus 6.55 ± 1.68 versus 8.15 ± 1.79 ng/mL, P < .001). Plasma biomarkers of systemic inflammation were significantly increased in patients with moderate OSA (interleukin [IL]-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) and severe OSA (IL-6, TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) when compared with controls (P < .001). Adropin levels showed a significant negative correlation with IL-6 (r = -.419, P < .001), TNF-α (r = -.540, P < .001), fasting glucose (r = -.331, P = .004), hemoglobin A1c (r = -.438, P < .001), homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index (r = -.213, P = .046), and polysomnographic parameters including apnea-hypopnea index (r = -.615, P < .001) and oxygen desaturation index (r = -.573, P < .001). A multivariate regression analysis showed that plasma adropin remained as a significant negative predictor of severe OSA status, when adjusted for age and body mass index and computed along with other inflammatory biomarkers in the regression model (odds ratio 0.069, 95% confidence interval 0.009-0.517, P = .009).

Conclusions: Plasma adropin concentrations significantly correlate with indices of disease severity in patients with OSA, suggesting that adropin potentially plays an important role in the complex pathophysiology of the disease.

Keywords: adropin; inflammation mediators; metabolism; obstructive sleep apnea; polysomnography.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Averaged plasma levels between OSA groups and controls.
(A) Adropin, (B) high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), (C) interleukin 6 (IL-6), and (D) tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation with respective significance value (P). Tested with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test. P value at each graph represents the global one-way ANOVA significance whereas respective symbols represent post hoc statistical significance obtained when examining differences between particular groups. * = P < .05 between patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and controls. † = P < .05 between patients with moderate OSA and controls. ‡ = P < .05 between patients with moderate and severe OSA.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Correlations in composite of moderate and severe OSA patient groups (n = 50).
Correlations between plasma adropin levels and (A) apnea-hypopnea index, (B) oxygen desaturation index in composite of moderate and severe OSA patient groups. Red lines represent Pearson correlation coefficient and green lines represent respective 95% confidence intervals. OSA = obstructive sleep apnea.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of adropin cutoff value in detection of OSA status.
OSA = obstructive sleep apnea.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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