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Review
. 2018 Sep;37(9):1215-1229.
doi: 10.1007/s00299-018-2319-0. Epub 2018 Jul 10.

Auxin-mediated regulation of vascular patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves

Magdalena Biedroń  1 , Alicja Banasiak  2
Affiliations
Review

Auxin-mediated regulation of vascular patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves

Magdalena Biedroń et al. Plant Cell Rep. 2018 Sep.

Abstract

The vascular system develops in response to auxin flow as continuous strands of conducting tissues arranged in regular spatial patterns. However, a mechanism governing their regular and repetitive formation remains to be fully elucidated. A model system for studying the vascular pattern formation is the process of leaf vascularization in Arabidopsis. In this paper, we present current knowledge of important factors and their interactions in this process. Additionally, we propose the sequence of events leading to the emergence of continuous vascular strands and point to significant problems that need to be resolved in the future to gain a better understanding of the regulation of the vascular pattern development.

Keywords: Arabidopsis; Leaf; PIN; Polar auxin transport; Vascular system; Venation pattern.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Vascular pattern in first mature Arabidopsis leaf. PV primary vein, SV loops of secondary veins; LV lateral veins, MV marginal veins, CV tertiary—connected veins, FV higher-order—free-ending veins, H hydathodes
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Changes in the pattern of gene expression during procambium development in the first leaf of Arabidopsis. a Procambium development; black arrows show the directions of procambium emergence; b PIN1; black arrows indicate the direction of PIN1 protein polarity in the plasma membrane; red dots indicate cells with bipolar PIN1 localization; green regions in the epidermis represent auxin convergence points; c DR5 auxin-responsive promoter; the darker blue color shows a stronger DR5 expression; d MP; the darker violet color shows a stronger MP gene expression; e ATHB8; black arrows indicate the direction of its progressive appearance; I–X, successive stages of the venation development
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Regulation of the early stages of leaf vascularization in Arabidopsis. a Sequence of events during the formation of the central vein. b–d Merge image of procambium and expression patterns of genes involved in vascular differentiation in the successive stages of leaf development
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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