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. 2019 Oct;27(10):3162-3167.
doi: 10.1007/s00167-018-5038-8. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Virtual reality hip arthroscopy simulator demonstrates sufficient face validity

Jonathan D Bartlett  1 , John E Lawrence  2 , Vikas Khanduja  3
Affiliations

Virtual reality hip arthroscopy simulator demonstrates sufficient face validity

Jonathan D Bartlett et al. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose: To test the face validity of the hip diagnostics module of a virtual reality hip arthroscopy simulator.

Methods: A total of 25 orthopaedic surgeons, 7 faculty members and 18 orthopaedic residents, performed diagnostic supine hip arthroscopies of a healthy virtual reality hip joint using a 70° arthroscope. Twelve specific targets were visualised within the central compartment; six via the anterior portal, three via the anterolateral portal and three via the posterolateral portal. This task was immediately followed by a questionnaire regarding the realism and training capability of the system. This consisted of seven questions addressing the verisimilitude of the simulator and five questions addressing the training environment of the simulator. Each question consisted of a statement stem and 10-point Likert scale. Following similar work in surgical simulators, a rating of 7 or above was considered an acceptable level of realism.

Results: The diagnostic hip arthroscopy module was found to have an acceptable level of realism in all domains apart from the tactile feedback received from the soft tissue. 23 out of 25 participants (92%) felt the simulator provided a non-threatening learning environment and 22 participants (88%) stated they enjoyed using the simulator. It was most frequently agreed that the level of trainees who would benefit most from the simulator were registrars and fellows (22 participants; 88%). Additionally, 21 of the participants (84%) agreed that this would be a beneficial training modality for foundation and core trainees, and 20 participants (80%) agreed that his would be beneficial for consultants.

Conclusions: This VR hip arthroscopy simulator was demonstrated to have a sufficient level of realism, thus establishing its face validity. These results suggest this simulator has sufficient realism for use in the acquisition of basic arthroscopic skills and supports its use in orthopaedics surgical training.

Level of evidence: I.

Keywords: Face validity; Hip arthroscopy; Simulation; Virtual reality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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