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. 2018 Jul 11;13(7):e0199059.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199059. eCollection 2018.

Bio-hydrogen production by co-digestion of domestic wastewater and biodiesel industry effluent

Jyotsana Prakash  1   2   3 , Rakesh Sharma  2 , Sanjay K S Patel  1 , In-Won Kim  1 , Vipin Chandra Kalia  1   2   3
Affiliations

Bio-hydrogen production by co-digestion of domestic wastewater and biodiesel industry effluent

Jyotsana Prakash et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The increasing water crisis makes fresh water a valuable resource, which must be used wisely. However, with growing population and inefficient waste treatment systems, the amount of wastewater dispelled in rivers is increasing abominably. Utilizing this freely available waste-water along with biodiesel industry waste- crude glycerol for bio-hydrogen production is being reported here. The bacterial cultures of Bacillus thuringiensis strain EGU45 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain CD16 produced2.4-3.0 L H2/day/L feed during a 60 days continuous culture system at hydraulic retention time of 2 days. An average H2 yield of 100-120 L/L CG was reported by the two strains. Recycling of the effluent by up to 25% resulted in up to 94% H2 production compared to control.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Continuous culture hydrogen production from sewage water and crude glycerol by Bacillus thuringiensis immobilized on coconut coir (CC): 5% (■, red filled square), 10% (▲, green filled triangle), 15% (●, violet filled circle) and Control (♦, blue filled diamond).
Feed: 500 mL of Sewage water + Tap water in 3:1 ratio (0.05X M-9 salts) supplemented with crude glycerol (2%, v/v) at Hydraulic Retention Time of 2 days.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Continuous culture hydrogen production from sewage water and crude glycerol by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens immobilized on coconut coir (CC): 5% (■, red filled square), 10% (▲, green filled triangle), 15% (●, violet filled circle) and control (♦, blue filled diamond).
Feed: 500 mL of Sewage water + Tap water in 3:1 ratio (0.05X M-9 salts) supplemented with crude glycerol (2%, v/v) at Hydraulic Retention Time of 2 days.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Effect of recycling of effluent on hydrogen production from sewage water and crude glycerol by Bacillus thuringiensis immobilized on coconut coir (CC): Recycling of effluent—25% (■, red filled square), 50% (▲, green filled triangle), 75% (♦, blue filled diamond) and control (●, violet filled circle).
Feed: 500 mL of Sewage water + Tap water in 3:1 ratio (0.05X M-9 salts) supplemented with crude glycerol (2%, v/v) in case of control and 125–375 mL Sewage water + Tap water in 3:1 ratio (0.05X M-9 salts) made up to 500 mL with effluent in other cases.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Effect of recycling of effluent on hydrogen production from crude glycerol by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens immobilized on coconut coir (CC): Recycling of effluent—25% (■, red filled square), 50% (▲, green filled triangle), 75% (♦, blue filled diamond) and control (●, violet filled circle).
Feed: 500 mL of Sewage water + Tap water in 3:1 ratio (0.05X M-9 salts) supplemented with crude glycerol (2%, v/v) in case of control and 125–375 mL Sewage water + Tap water in 3:1 ratio (0.05X M-9 salts) made up to 500 mL with effluent in other cases.
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