Acoustic and Aerodynamic Characteristics of Choral Singers

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate and compare the acoustic and aerodynamic characteristics of choral singers and nonsingers.

Method: Twenty choral singers and 20 nonsingers in the age range of 20-30 years with no vocal pathology participated in the study. For acoustic analysis, the voice sample was recorded and analyzed using Praat software (Phonetic Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands) version 6.0.33 and for aerodynamic evaluation, Helios 401 PC based spirometer (Recorders & Medicare System Pvt. Ltd., Panchkula, Haryana, India) was used.

Results: The results from acoustic analysis of female groups revealed higher F0 in singers than nonsingers; higher jitter, shimmer, and noise-to-harmonics ratio (NHR) values were obtained for nonsingers compared to singers. Results from acoustic analysis of male groups revealed significantly higher F0 in singers than nonsingers and significantly higher shimmer and NHR values for nonsingers compared to singers. Results from aerodynamic analysis for both male and female groups revealed higher vital capacity, forced vital capacity, and slow vital capacity in singers than nonsingers.

Conclusion: The results revealed better control over phonatory and respiratory subsystems among singers compared to nonsingers, although the singers were untrained. This could be possible due to the fact that long-term singing practices involving vocal modulation and changes in the breathing pattern, better respiratory control during the expiratory phase among singers. However, as the participants of the singing group are untrained, further studies are required to compare the acoustic and the aerodynamic characteristics with trained singers.

Keywords: Acoustic analysis; Aerodynamic evaluation; Choral singers; Fundamental frequency; Vital capacity.