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Multicenter Study
. 2018 Jul 18;13(7):e0199989.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199989. eCollection 2018.

PCV13 vaccination impact: A multicenter study of pneumonia in 10 pediatric hospitals in Argentina

Angela Gentile  1 , Julia Bakir  1 , Verónica Firpo  2 , Enrique V Casanueva  3 , Gabriela Ensinck  4 , Santiago Lopez Papucci  4 , María F Lución  1 , Hector Abate  5 , Aldo Cancellara  6 , Fabiana Molina  7 , Andrea Gajo Gane  8 , Alfredo M Caruso  9 , Alejandro Santillán Iturres  10 , Sofía Fossati  11 ; Working Group
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

PCV13 vaccination impact: A multicenter study of pneumonia in 10 pediatric hospitals in Argentina

Angela Gentile et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Introduction: In 2012, PCV13 was introduced into the National Immunization Program in Argentina, 2+1 schedule for children <2 years. Coverage rates for 1st and 3rd doses were 69% and 41.0% in 2012, 98% and 86% in 2013; 99% and 89% in 2014, respectively. The aims of this study were to evaluate impact of PCV13 on Consolidated Pneumonia (CP) and Pneumococcal Pneumonia (PP) burden, and to describe epidemiological-clinical pattern of PP during the three-year period following vaccine introduction.

Methods: Hospital-based study at 10 pediatric surveillance units in Argentina. CP and PP discharge rates per 10,000 hospital discharges were compared between the pre-vaccination period 2007-2011 (preVp), the year of intervention (2012) and the post-vaccination period 2013-2014 (postVp).

Results: Significant reduction in CP and PP discharge rates was observed in patients <5 years [% reduction (95%CI)]: 10.2% (6.3; 14.0) in 2012 and 24.8% (21.3; 28.2) in postVp for CP discharge rate; 59.5% (48.0; 68.5) in 2012 and 68.8% (58.3; 76.6) in postVp for PP discharge rate. Significant changes were also observed in children ≥5 years, mainly in PP discharge rate. A total of 297 PP cases were studied; 59.3% male; 31.3% <2 years; 42.9% had received PCV13 in 2012 and 84.5% in posVp. Case fatality rate was 3.4%. PCV13 serotypes decreased from 83.0% (39/47) in 2012 to 64.2% (52/81) in postVp, p = 0.039.

Conclusions: After PCV13 introduction, significant reduction in CP and PP discharge rates was observed in hospitalized children <5 years. In patients ≥5 years, PP discharge rate also decreased significantly.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Discharge rate of consolidated pneumonia by age group during 2007–2014.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Discharge rate of pneumococcal pneumonia by age group during 2007–2014.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Pneumococcal pneumonia cases after PCV13 vaccine introduction: Distribution of S. pneumoniae serotypes.
*Partially typeable pools: C [24, 31 ó 40], G [29,34,35,42 or 47], H [13 ó 28], I [38, 25F or 25A].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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