Atmospheric new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines in a Chinese megacity

Lei Yao¹, Olga Garmash², Federico Bianchi^{2

3}, Jun Zheng⁴, Chao Yan², Jenni Kontkanen^{2

5}, Heikki Junninen^{2

6}, Stephany Buenrostro Mazon², Mikael Ehn², Pauli Paasonen², Mikko Sipilä², Mingyi Wang¹, Xinke Wang¹, Shan Xiao¹, Hangfei Chen¹, Yiqun Lu¹, Bowen Zhang¹, Dongfang Wang⁷, Qingyan Fu⁷, Fuhai Geng⁸, Li Li⁹, Hongli Wang⁹, Liping Qiao⁹, Xin Yang^{1

10

11}, Jianmin Chen^{1

10

11}, Veli-Matti Kerminen², Tuukka Petäjä^{2

12}, Douglas R Worsnop^{2

13}, Markku Kulmala^{2

3}, Lin Wang^{14

10

11

13}

Affiliations

¹ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
² Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
³ Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
⁴ Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
⁵ Laboratory of Environmental Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia.
⁶ Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200030, China.
⁷ Shanghai Meteorology Bureau, Shanghai 200135, China.
⁸ Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.
⁹ Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
¹⁰ Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing 210023, China.
¹¹ Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences (JirLATEST), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
¹² Aerodyne Research, Billerica, MA 01821, USA.
¹³ Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
¹⁴ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. lin_wang@fudan.edu.cn.

PMID: 30026225
DOI: 10.1126/science.aao4839

Atmospheric new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines in a Chinese megacity

Lei Yao et al. Science. 2018.

. 2018 Jul 20;361(6399):278-281.

doi: 10.1126/science.aao4839.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
² Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
³ Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
⁴ Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
⁵ Laboratory of Environmental Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia.
⁶ Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200030, China.
⁷ Shanghai Meteorology Bureau, Shanghai 200135, China.
⁸ Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.
⁹ Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
¹⁰ Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing 210023, China.
¹¹ Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences (JirLATEST), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
¹² Aerodyne Research, Billerica, MA 01821, USA.
¹³ Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
¹⁴ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. lin_wang@fudan.edu.cn.

PMID: 30026225
DOI: 10.1126/science.aao4839

Abstract

Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) is an important global phenomenon that is nevertheless sensitive to ambient conditions. According to both observation and theoretical arguments, NPF usually requires a relatively high sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) concentration to promote the formation of new particles and a low preexisting aerosol loading to minimize the sink of new particles. We investigated NPF in Shanghai and were able to observe both precursor vapors (H₂SO₄) and initial clusters at a molecular level in a megacity. High NPF rates were observed to coincide with several familiar markers suggestive of H₂SO₄-dimethylamine (DMA)-water (H₂O) nucleation, including sulfuric acid dimers and H₂SO₄-DMA clusters. In a cluster kinetics simulation, the observed concentration of sulfuric acid was high enough to explain the particle growth to ~3 nanometers under the very high condensation sink, whereas the subsequent higher growth rate beyond this size is believed to result from the added contribution of condensing organic species. These findings will help in understanding urban NPF and its air quality and climate effects, as well as in formulating policies to mitigate secondary particle formation in China.

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Atmospheric new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines in a Chinese megacity

Affiliations

Atmospheric new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines in a Chinese megacity

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Publication types

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources