[Epidemiology of Q fever in Spain (2018)]

Abstract

Q fever is an anthropozoonosis whose causative agent is Coxiella burnetii, which has an important impact from the human and animal health point of view. In this review, a brief historical reference of the infection by C. burnetii and Q fever has been made initially. In a second section the basic epidemiological aspects of this infection are described (reservoirs/ sources of infection, form of transmission and epidemiological forms). Subsequently, the data of the infection by C. burnetii in Spain will be are indicated, particularly the clinical series, the seroepidemiological studies in humans, the affectation of different types of mammals and the participation of the ticks in the biological cycle. In addition, basic data on C. burnetii infection/ disease in other regions of the world will be are also included. Finally, and taking into account the previous data will indicate the main epidemiological characteristics of Q fever at present.

Figura 1

Ciclo doméstico y silvestre de la infección por C. burnetii.

Figura 2

Formas de transmisión de C. burnetii al ser humano 1. Aérea. 2. Leche y derivados 3. Transfusiones 4. Sexual. 5. Garrapatas.

Figura 3

Patrones epidemiológicos de la infección por C. burnetii.

Figura 4

Distribución de las series publicadas de fiebre Q en España

Figura 5

Distribución geográfica de los datos sero-epidemiológicos de infección por C. burnetii en España

Figura 6

Estudios de infección por C. burnetii en animales

Figura 7

Estudios de infección por C. burnetii en humanos (África)

Figura 8

Estudios de infección por C. burnetii en humanos (América)

Figura 9

Estudios de infección por C. burnetii en humanos (Asia)