Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2018 Jul 26;18(8):2434.
doi: 10.3390/s18082434.

Smart Portable Devices Suitable for Cultural Heritage: A Review

Federica Valentini  1   2 , Andrea Calcaterra  3 , Simonetta Antonaroli  4 , Maurizio Talamo  5
Affiliations
Review

Smart Portable Devices Suitable for Cultural Heritage: A Review

Federica Valentini et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

This article reviews recent portable sensor technologies to apply in the Cultural Heritage (CH) fields. The review has been prepared in the form of a retrospective description of the sensor's history and technological evolution, having: new nanomaterials for transducers, miniaturized, portable and integrated sensors, the wireless transmission of the analytical signals, ICT_Information Communication Technology and IoT_Internet of Things to apply to the cultural heritage field. In addition, a new trend of movable tattoo sensors devices is discussed, referred to in situ analysis, which is especially important when scientists are in the presence of un-movable and un-tangible Cultural Heritage and Art Work objects. The new proposed portable contact sensors (directly applied to art work objects and surfaces) are non-invasive and non-destructive to the different materials and surfaces of which cultural heritage is composed.

Keywords: Cultural Heritage (CH); ICT; IoT; Sensors; actuators; air quality control; analytical diagnosis; graphene; graphene oxide (GO); in situ restoration; integrated sensor arrays; mobile Laboratory; movable devices; nanomaterials.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a): Prototype of the improved RH optical sensor equipped with a protective stainless steel tube [48]; (b): schematic view of the Hument HPR type humidity sensor device [57].
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a): Exploded scheme of Analyst NO2 and Analyst NOx passive samplers [62]; (b): Structure of the ‘Analyst’ sampler, improved by Bertoni et al. [66] for BTX; (c): Exploded scheme of the multi-pollutant sampler, according to the literature [67].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Layer-by-layer fabrication of the potentiometric tattoo sensor, as reported by Guinovart et al. [76]. The authors, display a cartoon to explain a future applications of tattoo sensors for the “in situ” detection of adsorbed pollutants and damages, on the CH surfaces.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
This cartoon (assembled by the authors of the review) represents the main future idea of the tattoo, as innovative actuator for in situ restoration of CHs, based on functionalized graphene nanomaterial, which act as reserve of restoration/consolidation chemical agents, suitable to release the selective Reagents in controlled way, on damaged Art Work surfaces. The damaged paper and parchment samples could provide the right clock for the modulated releasing of restoration agents, depending on the ΔpH, Δμ and other modification of chemical-physical parameters, induced by inner and/or outer deterioration events.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Block diagram for “Local Node Gateway”.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The single smart space S3 model.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Rittersma Z.M. Review: Recent achievements in miniaturised humidity sensors—A review of transduction techniques. Sens. Actuators A Phys. 2002;96:196–210. doi: 10.1016/S0924-4247(01)00788-9. - DOI
    1. Chen L.T., Lee C.Y., Cheng W.H. MEMS-based humidity sensor with integrated temperature compensation mechanism. Sens. Actuators A Phys. 2008;147:522–528. doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2008.06.033. - DOI
    1. Prosek T., Kouril M., Dubus M., Taube M., Hubert V., Scheffel B., Degres Y., Jouannic M., Thierry D. Real-time monitoring of indoor air corrosivity in cultural heritage institutions with metallic electrical resistance sensors. Stud. Conserv. 2013;58:117–128. doi: 10.1179/2047058412Y.0000000080. - DOI
    1. Proietti A., Leccese F., Caciotta M., Morresi F., Santamaria U., Malomo C. A New Dusts Sensor for Cultural Heritage Applications Based on Image Processing. Sensors. 2014;14:9813–9832. doi: 10.3390/s140609813. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Albertano P., Bruno L., Bellezza S. New strategy for the monitoring and control of cyanobacterial films on valuable lithic faces. Plant Biosyst. 2005;139:311–322. doi: 10.1080/11263500500342256. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources