Chelate Silylene-Silyl Ligand Can Boost Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Bond Functionalization Reactions

Abstract

The first N-heterocyclic silylene (NHSi)-silane scaffold LSi-R-Si(H)Mes₂ (1) (L=PhC(NtBu)₂ ; R=1,12-xanthendiyl spacer; Mes=2,4,6-Me₃ C₆ H₂ ) was synthesized and used to form the unique rhodium(III) complex (LSi-R-SiMes₂ )Rh(H)Cl 2 through its reaction with 0.5 molar equivalents of [Rh(coe)₂ Cl]₂ (coe=cyclooctene). An X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that 2 has a (Si^II Si^IV )Rh(H)Cl core with three short Rh⋅⋅⋅H-C contacts with Me groups of the ligand 1, which cause a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal coordination of the Rh center. Unexpectedly, the reaction of 2 with tBuONa gives the new bis(silyl)hydridorhodium(III) complex 4. Due to the strong donor ability of the chelate Si^II -Si^IV ligand, 2 and 4 can act as highly efficient pre-catalysts in the Rh-mediated selective C-H functionalization of 2-phenylpyridines with C-C unsaturated organic substrates under mild reaction conditions.

Keywords: N-heterocyclic silylenes; agostic complexes; alkenylation; atoms in molecules; density functional calculations.