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. 2018 Jun;30(2):153-156.
doi: 10.5455/msm.2018.30.153-156.

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Vesna Cukic  1 , Aida Ustamujic  1
Affiliations

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Vesna Cukic et al. Mater Sociomed. 2018 Jun.

Abstract

Introduction: Health Introduction: The two types of tuberculosis (TB) are: pulmonary TB (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB).

Objective: to represent the frequency of ETPB of all localization , ratio between EPTB and PTB and demographic characteristics of EPTB in FBiH in the period of four years : from 2014 to 2017.

Material and methods: This is the retrospective analysis of all the reported cases of TB in FBiH with the special insight in EPTB from 2014 to 2017. A standard set of data for TB patients is used which is included in the standardized form-"Minimum information for reporting tuberculosis" which has been used according to the recommendation of the WHO and IUATLD all over the Europe and elsewhere in the world.

Results: we registered 2588 patients with TB and among them there were 316 patients or 12.21% with EPTB. In the 2014 there were 795 cases of TB and of that 103 (13.0%) were EPTB ;in 2015 of 728 cases of TB 91 (12.5%) were EPTB ; in 2016 of 573 cases of TB 69 (12%) were ETPB ;2017 of 492 cases of TB 53 (11%) were ETPB. ETPB is more frequent in males but with no statistical significance. The most cases of EPTB were in the group of patients aged from 21 to 30 years because of frequency of tuberculous pleurisy. The tuberculous pleuritis is the most frequent form of ETPB (p<0.01).

Conclusion: The frequency of TB and ETPB in FBiH decreases over the years. This indicates good control and therapeutic regimen of TB in FBiH. The ratio of PTB and EPTB remains approximately the same-about 12% of all TB cases are EPTB. Thus we are getting close to the situation in developed countries.

Keywords: FBiH; extrapulmonary TB (EPTB); pulmonary TB (PTB).

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. PTB and EPTB registered in four year –period expressed in absolute number and percents. Legend: PTB =pulmonary tuberculosis, ETPB=extrapulmonary tuberculosis, No= absolute number, %= per cent of all TB cases.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. The frequency of EPTB according to age and sex in four-year period. There are 176 males and 140 females with EPTB of different age groups but with no statistical significant differences between age groups and sexes.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Registered patients with different localization of EPTB in four-year period expressed in absolute number Legend. EPTB localization: a=pleura (190), b= intrathoracic lymphonodes (0), c=extrathoracic lymphonodes (44), d= spine (1), e= bone and joint (40), f =meninges (7), g= CNS (central nervous system) (0), h= genitourinary tract (14), i= peritoneal-digestive tract (7), j=disseminated (6), other localization (7). The tuberculous pleuritis is the most frequent form of ETPB (p<0.01)
Figure 4.
Figure 4.. Patients with different localization of EPTB in four-year period expressed in percents of total number of registered EPTB patients. ,Legend. EPTB localization: a=pleura (60.12), b= intrathoracic lymphonodes (0), c=extrathoracic lymphonodes (13.91), d=spine (0.32), e= bone and joint (12.66), f=meninges (2, 22), g=CNS (central nervous system) (0), h= genitourinary tract (4.43), i=peritoneal-digestive tract (2.22), j=disseminated (1.9), other localization (2.22).
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