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Meta-Analysis
. 2019 Mar 1;26(3):260-271.
doi: 10.5551/jat.45294. Epub 2018 Aug 8.

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis

Yaping Yuan  1   2 , Jiajia Yang  1   2 , Xu Zhang  1   2 , Renfang Han  1   2 , Mengya Chen  1   2 , Xingxing Hu  1   2 , Yubo Ma  1   2 , Meng Wu  1   2 , Mengmeng Wang  1   2 , Shengqian Xu  3 , Faming Pan  1   2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis

Yaping Yuan et al. J Atheroscler Thromb. .

Abstract

Aim: Inflammatory arthritis (IA) diseases are relevant with subclinical atherosclerosis, but the data in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were inconsistent. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to explore the relationship between the marker of subclinical atherosclerosis (carotid intima-media thickness (IMT)) and AS.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature review using PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) databases up to March 2018. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between carotid IMT and AS. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression were applied to explore the sources of heterogeneity, and publication bias was calculated to access the quality of pooled studies.

Results: A total of 24 articles were collected. The carotid IMT was significantly increased in AS compared with healthy controls (SMD=0.725, 95% CI=0.443-1.008, p＜0.001). Subgroup analyses showed the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Activity Index (BASDAI) was the source of heterogeneity. Notably, IMT was not significantly increased in those studies that included ＞50% patients treated with anti-TNF. Meta-regression revealed severe inflammation status (BASDAI and C-reactive protein (CRP)) could significantly impact carotid IMT in AS.

Conclusions: Carotid IMT was significantly increased in patients with AS compared with healthy controls, which suggested subclinical atherosclerosis is related to AS.

Keywords: Ankylosing spondylitis; Atherosclerosis; Carotid intima-media thickness; Inflammation.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig 1.
Fig 1.
Flow diagram for selection of studies for inclusion in this meta-analysis
Fig 2.
Fig 2.
Pooled carotid IMT in AS compared with healthy controls
Fig 3.
Fig 3.
Publication bias by funnel diagram
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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