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Review
. 2019;14(5):398-404.
doi: 10.2174/1574888X13666180810121415.

Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Sex Steroid Hormones

Iván Flores-Ramírez  1   2 , Noemi Baranda-Avila  2 , Elizabeth Langley  2
Affiliations
Review

Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Sex Steroid Hormones

Iván Flores-Ramírez et al. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019.

Abstract

Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small population of tumor-initiating cells that express stem cell-associated markers. In recent years, their properties and mechanisms of regulation have become the focus of intense research due to their intrinsic resistance to conventional cancer therapies. This review describes breast cancer stem cell origin, signaling pathways involved in self-renewal, such as Wnt, Notch and Hedgehog, biomarkers linked to stemness, and the role of sex steroid hormones in BCSC regulation.

Keywords: Breast cancer; biomarkers; breast cancer stem cells; estrogen receptor; progesterone receptor; signaling pathways..

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