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Review
. 2018 Sep;47(3):645-660.
doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.04.013. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Gastric Carcinoids

Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg  1 , Krystallenia I Alexandraki  2 , Anna Angelousi  2 , Eleftherios Chatzellis  2 , Stavros Sougioultzis  3 , Gregory Kaltsas  4
Affiliations
Review

Gastric Carcinoids

Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg et al. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2018 Sep.

Abstract

Gastric carcinoids, formally named gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), are derived from enterochromaffin-like cells of the stomach and are increasingly diagnosed. A majority are designated as type I (related to autoimmune gastritis) and type II (related to gastrinoma) neoplasms that develop secondary to gastrin hypersecretion. Types I and II gastric carcinoids are mostly small-sized (1-2 cm), multiple, low-malignancy potential lesions mainly confined to the gastric mucosa/submucosa. These lesions have an indolent course and low metastatic potential. In contrast, type III gastric carcinoids are single, larger-sized (>2 cm), non-gastrin-related lesions that infiltrate the muscular layers associated with local and distant metastases.

Keywords: Atrophic gastritis; Carcinoids; Endoscopic ultrasound; Gastrin; Neuroendocrine.

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