Tumeurs du cône médullaire et de la queue de cheval associées à l’hydrocéphalie chronique: à propos de 2 cas: Tumors of the conus medullaris and of the cauda equina associated with chronic hydrocephalus: about 2 cases
- PMID: 30100960
- PMCID: PMC6080959
- DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2018.29.206.10723
Tumeurs du cône médullaire et de la queue de cheval associées à l’hydrocéphalie chronique: à propos de 2 cas: Tumors of the conus medullaris and of the cauda equina associated with chronic hydrocephalus: about 2 cases
Abstract
Chronic hydrocephalus associated with a tumor of the conus medullaris and/or of the cauda equina is extremely rare. We here report two cases of medullary tumor revealed by the triad: dementia, difficulty walking and urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cerebrospinal fluid showed communicating hydrocephalus and intradural spinal tumors at the level of the conus medullaris and of the cauda equina. Surgical resection of a benign schwannoma and of an ependymoma allowed the resolution of the clinical symptomatology due to hydrocephalus without implantation of ventricular shunt. A dozen cases of dementia and hydrocephalus associated to spinal tumor have been reported. A variety of approaches have been proposed to explain this association but the exact pathophysiology is not accurately known.
L’hydrocéphalie chronique associée à une tumeur du cône médullaire et /ou de la queue de cheval est extrêmement rare. Nous présentons deux patients porteurs d’une tumeur médullaire révélée par la triade: démence, troubles de la marche et incontinence urinaire. L’imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) cérébrospinale objectivait une hydrocéphalie communicante et une tumeur intradurale siégeant au niveau du cône médullaire et de la queue de cheval. L’exérèse chirurgicale d’un schwannome bénin et d’un épendymome a permis la résolution de la symptomatologie clinique due à l’hydrocéphalie sans procéder à un shunt ventriculaire. Une dizaine de cas de démence et d’hydrocéphalie accompagnant une tumeur spinale sont rapportées. Une variété de mécanismes a été proposée pour expliquer cette association mais la physiopathologie exacte reste mal connue.
Keywords: chronic hydrocephalus; high cerebrospinal fluid protein; surgery; Medullary tumors.
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