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Review
. 2018 Oct;32(8):503-511.
doi: 10.1007/s12149-018-1290-8. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

CXCR4-directed theranostics in oncology and inflammation

Malte Kircher  1 , Peter Herhaus  2 , Margret Schottelius  3 , Andreas K Buck  1 , Rudolf A Werner  1   4 , Hans-Jürgen Wester  3 , Ulrich Keller  2 , Constantin Lapa  5
Affiliations
Review

CXCR4-directed theranostics in oncology and inflammation

Malte Kircher et al. Ann Nucl Med. 2018 Oct.

Abstract

Given its prominent role in inflammation and cancer biology, the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) has gained a lot of attention in the recent years. This review gives a short overview of the physiology and pathology of chemokines and chemokine receptors and then focuses on the current experience of targeting CXCR4, using radiolabeled receptor ligands suitable for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, in both hematologic and solid malignancy as well as in inflammatory conditions. Additionally, CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy (ERT) as a new treatment option is discussed.

Keywords: Cancer; Chemokine; Pentixafor; Pentixather; Theranostics.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Example of CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy with [90Y]Pentixather (in combination with CD20-directed radioimmunotherapy with [90Y]Zevalin®) as part of the conditioning regimen prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Display of maximum intensity projections (outer columns) and transaxial slices (inner columns; CT, upper row, PET, middle row; PET/CT, lower row) of pre-therapeutic CXCR4-directed and post-therapeutic [18F]FDG PET/CT. Post-therapeutic imaging was performed 8 weeks after administration of 3.7 GBq of [90Y]Pentixather, 1.2 GBq of [90Y]Zevalin® as well as conditioning chemotherapy with subsequent repeat stem cell transplantation (SCT) and demonstrated partial response with residual yet vital pulmonary lesions and resolution of all hepatic and nodal DLBCL manifestations. DLBCL had been relapsed from prior first allogeneic SCT and been refractory to all chemotherapeutic regimens
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