Management of Long-Standing Flaccid Facial Palsy: Midface/Smile: Locoregional Muscle Transfer

Abstract

Masseter and temporalis muscle transfer is an effective technique for restoring facial symmetry and commissure excursion in flaccid facial paralysis. Adherence to the principles and biomechanics of muscle transfer is essential for achieving optimal results. Muscle transfer has the advantage of being single staged with fast recovery of function. It is particularly useful in patients with low life expectancy or multiple comorbidities where a more complex, multiple stage procedure may be detrimental.

Keywords: Facial paralysis; Masseter muscle transfer; Temporalis tendon transfer.