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. 2018 Sep;25(6):1102-1114.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi regulate the oxidative system, hormones and ionic equilibrium to trigger salt stress tolerance in Cucumis sativus L

Abeer Hashem  1   2 , Abdulaziz A Alqarawi  3 , Ramalingam Radhakrishnan  4 , Al-Bandari Fahad Al-Arjani  1 , Horiah Abdulaziz Aldehaish  1 , Dilfuza Egamberdieva  5 , Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah  3
Affiliations

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi regulate the oxidative system, hormones and ionic equilibrium to trigger salt stress tolerance in Cucumis sativus L

Abeer Hashem et al. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2018 Sep.

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) association increases plant stress tolerance. This study aimed to determine the mitigation effect of AMF on the growth and metabolic changes of cucumbers under adverse impact of salt stress. Salinity reduced the water content and synthesis of pigments. However, AMF inoculation ameliorated negative effects by enhancing the biomass, synthesis of pigments, activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase, and the content of ascorbic acid, which might be the result of lower level lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. An accumulation of phenols and proline in AMF-inoculated plants also mediated the elimination of superoxide radicals. In addition, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and several important mineral elements (K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) were enhanced with significant reductions in the uptake of deleterious ions like Na+. These results suggested that AMF can protect cucumber growth from salt stress.

Keywords: AMF; Antioxidant enzymes; Growth hormones; Lipid peroxidation; NaCl; Proline.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
A-D. AM fungal colonization structures within the roots of Cucumis sativus. A, B (Higher magnification): Root fragment densely colonized by intact spores (IS) with subtending hyphae (SH) showed by arrow. C: subtending hyphae (SH), vesicle (V) and hyphal coils (HC) showed by arrow. D: Plant cell (PC), cell wall (CW), intraradical hyphae (IH), arbuscules (Ar), arbuscular trunk (AT) and appressorium (Ap) showed by arrow. Bar: 50 μm.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
A-C: Effect of salinity (200 mM NaCl) on (A) hydrogen peroxide (µMol/ g DW), (B) electrolyte leakage (%) and (C) lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA], μmol/g FW) in Cucumis sativus with and without AMF inoculation. Data presented are the means ± SE (n = 5). Data followed by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
A-E: Effect of salinity (200 mM NaCl) on the activity of (A) SOD, (B) CAT (C) APX, (D) GR (U/mg protein) and the (E) AsA content (mg/g FW) in Cucumis sativus with and without AMF inoculation. Data presented are the means ± SE (n = 5). Data followed by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Diagrammatic representation of main mycorrhizal functions to regulate salt stress in cucumber plant.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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