Peculiarities of the course of bronchial asthma in patients with excessive body weight or obesity

Abstract

Objective: Introduction: Clinical studies that were devoted to the analysis of the asthma course during concomitant obesity or excessive body weight, demonstrated a number of typical features. Both asthma and obesity or overweight are diseases that form a persistent chronic inflammatory process in the body. The combination and mutual enhancement of the factors of chronic inflammation leads to a more severe clinical course of asthma and reduced control of the disease. The aim: The main goal of our study was to determine the peculiarities of the course of bronchial asthma of various degrees of severity in patients with excessive body weight or obesity.

Patients and methods: Materials and methods: Anamnesis and examination of 86 patients with a major diagnosis of bronchial asthma were performed. According to the body weight index, patients were divided into two groups: main and comparison, and 20 somatic-healthy patients who were included in the control group also participated in the study.

Results: Results and conclusions: The patients had upper respiratory tract diseases, namely rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. A different incidence rate of respiratory infections in a child was noted in patients, depending on the severity of the course. The patients in the main group took an antibiotic on an average 3-4 times a year, of whom patients with severe bronchial asthma took antibiotics 4-5 times a year. In the comparison group, the average level of antibiotic ingestion coincided with that of the control group, namely 1-1.5 times a year. The patients have a close direct correlation between the asthma test and the body mass index. 28.75% of the patients in the main group had no symptoms of allergy. Damp basements, rooms with lots of dust or outdoor work with high concentrations of dust or pollen have a negative effect on the patients with asthma. 81% of the patients in the main group did not adhere to the appointments of the doctor, it should be noted that these are patients with any course of asthma.

Keywords: bronchial asthma, excessive body weight, obesity.