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. 2018 Sep 3;15(9):1918.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph15091918.

Association between Airborne Fine Particulate Matter and Residents' Cardiovascular Diseases, Ischemic Heart Disease and Cerebral Vascular Disease Mortality in Areas with Lighter Air Pollution in China

Junfang Cai  1 , Shuyuan Yu  2 , Yingxin Pei  3 , Chaoqiong Peng  4 , Yuxue Liao  5 , Ning Liu  6 , Jiajia Ji  7 , Jinquan Cheng  8
Affiliations

Association between Airborne Fine Particulate Matter and Residents' Cardiovascular Diseases, Ischemic Heart Disease and Cerebral Vascular Disease Mortality in Areas with Lighter Air Pollution in China

Junfang Cai et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: China began to carry out fine particulate matter (PM2.5) monitoring in 2013 and the amount of related research is low, especially in areas with lighter air pollution. This study aims to explore the association between PM2.5 and cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebral vascular disease (EVD) mortality in areas with lighter air pollution.

Methods: Data on resident mortality, air pollution and meteorology in Shenzhen during 2013⁻2015 were collected and analyzed using semi-parametric generalized additive models (GAM) with Poisson distribution of time series analysis.

Results: Six pollutants were measured at seven air quality monitoring sites, including PM2.5, PM10, SO₂, NO₂, CO and O₃. The PM2.5 daily average concentration was 35.0 ± 21.9 μg/m³; the daily average concentration range was from 7.1 μg/m³ to 137.1 μg/m³. PM2.5 concentration had significant effects on CVD, IHD and EVD mortality. While PM2.5 concentration of lag5 and lag02 rose by 10 μg/m³, the excess risk (ER) of CVD mortality were 1.50% (95% CI: 0.51⁻2.50%) and 2.09% (95% CI: 0.79⁻3.41%), respectively. While PM2.5 concentration of lag2 and lag02 rose by 10 μg/m³, the ER of IHD mortality were 2.87% (95% CI: 0.71⁻5.07%) and 3.86% (95% CI: 1.17⁻6.63%), respectively. While PM2.5 concentration of lag4 and lag04 rose by 10 μg/m³, the ER of EVD mortality were 2.09% (95% CI: 2.28⁻3.92%) and 3.08% (95% CI: 0.68⁻5.53%), respectively.

Conclusions: PM2.5 increased CVD mortality. The government needs to strengthen the governance of air pollution in areas with a slight pollution.

Keywords: air pollution; cardiovascular disease; cerebral vascular disease; generalized additive model; ischemic heart disease; mortality; time-series.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of state-controlled air quality monitoring sites in Shenzhen.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Time series chart on resident mortality versus air pollutant concentration in Shenzhen (2013–2015).
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Association between daily lag5 cardiovascular disease mortality and PM2.5 concentration (μg/m3) considered in the generalized additive model (GAM). (b) Association between daily lag2 IHD mortality and PM2.5 concentration (μg/m3) considered in the GAM. (c) Association between daily lag4 EVD mortality and PM2.5 concentration (μg/m3) considered in the GAM.
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