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Review
. 2018 Sep 7;16(9):319.
doi: 10.3390/md16090319.

Lead Compounds from Mangrove-Associated Microorganisms

Elena Ancheeva  1 , Georgios Daletos  2 , Peter Proksch  3
Affiliations
Review

Lead Compounds from Mangrove-Associated Microorganisms

Elena Ancheeva et al. Mar Drugs. .

Abstract

The mangrove ecosystem is considered as an attractive biodiversity hotspot that is intensively studied in the hope of discovering new useful chemical scaffolds, including those with potential medicinal application. In the past two decades, mangrove-derived microorganisms, along with mangrove plants, proved to be rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites as exemplified by the constant rise in the number of publications, which suggests the great potential of this important ecological niche. The present review summarizes selected examples of bioactive compounds either from mangrove endophytes or from soil-derived mangrove fungi and bacteria, covering the literature from 2014 to March 2018. Accordingly, 163 natural products are described in this review, possessing a wide range of potent bioactivities, such as cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal, α-glucosidase inhibitory, protein tyrosine phosphatase B inhibitory, and antiviral activities, among others.

Keywords: bioactive natural products; drug leads; endophytes; mangrove microorganisms.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Number of publications describing new and/or bioactive mangrove-associated secondary metabolites covering the period 2007–2017. Source: MarinLit database and series of annual reviews by Blunt et al. in Natural Product Reports [13,14]. Articles on mangrove-associated fungi and bacteria include both ecological groups, plant- and soil-derived microorganisms.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structures of 1–5.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chemical structures of 6–14.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chemical structure of 15.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chemical structures of 16–18.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Chemical structure of 19.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Chemical structures of 20–26.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Chemical structures of 27–39.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Chemical structures of 40 and 41.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Chemical structure of 42.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Chemical structures of 43–60.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Chemical structures of 61 and 62.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Chemical structures of compounds with MptpB- (63 and 64), mycobacterial PknG (65), anti-infective (66–69) and α-glucosidase (70–82) inhibitory activities derived from mangrove endophytic fungi.
Figure 14
Figure 14
(a) Chemical structures of compounds with cytotoxic activity (83–95) derived from mangrove endophytic fungi. (b) Chemical structures of compounds with cytotoxic activity (96–105) derived from mangrove endophytic fungi.
Figure 14
Figure 14
(a) Chemical structures of compounds with cytotoxic activity (83–95) derived from mangrove endophytic fungi. (b) Chemical structures of compounds with cytotoxic activity (96–105) derived from mangrove endophytic fungi.
Figure 15
Figure 15
Chemical structures of 106–112.
Figure 16
Figure 16
Chemical structures of 113 and 114.
Figure 17
Figure 17
Chemical structures of 115–124.
Figure 18
Figure 18
Chemical structures of 125–133.
Figure 19
Figure 19
Chemical structures of 134–140.
Figure 20
Figure 20
Chemical structures 141 and 142.
Figure 21
Figure 21
Chemical structure of 143.
Figure 22
Figure 22
Chemical structure of 144.
Figure 23
Figure 23
Chemical structures of 145–148.
Figure 24
Figure 24
Chemical structures of bioactive compounds from mangrove fungi and bacteria derived from soil/sediment samples (149–163).
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