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. 2018 Sep 17;13(9):e0201241.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201241. eCollection 2018.

Albumin and hemoglobin adducts of estrogen quinone as biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer

Po-Hsiung Lin  1 , Hui-Ju Yang  2 , Wei-Chung Hsieh  3 , Che Lin  4 , Ya-Chi Chan  5 , Yu-Fen Wang  5 , Yuan-Ting Yang  6 , Kuo-Juei Lin  7 , Li-Sheng Lin  8 , Dar-Ren Chen  4   5   9
Affiliations

Albumin and hemoglobin adducts of estrogen quinone as biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer

Po-Hsiung Lin et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Cumulative estrogen concentration is an important determinant of the risk of developing breast cancer. Estrogen carcinogenesis is attributed to the combination of receptor-driven mitogenesis and DNA damage induced by quinonoid metabolites of estrogen. The present study was focused on developing an improved breast cancer prediction model using estrogen quinone-protein adduct concentrations. Blood samples from 152 breast cancer patients and 71 healthy women were collected, and albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb) adducts of estrogen-3,4-quinone and estrogen-2,3-quinone were extracted and evaluated as potential biomarkers of breast cancer. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) was used as the predictor model and the resultant prediction of breast cancer was more accurate than other existing detection methods. A MLP using the logarithm of the concentrations of the estrogen quinone-derived adducts (four input nodes, 10 hidden nodes, and one output node) was used to predict breast cancer risk with accuracy close to 100% and area under curve (AUC) close to one. The AUC value of one showed that both data sets were separable. We conclude that Alb and Hb adducts of estrogen quinones are promising biomarkers for the early detection of breast cancer.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Scatter plots of the natural logarithm values of E2-3,4-Q and E2-2,3-Q adduct concentrations.
(A) Hemoglobin adducts. (B) Albumin adducts. The asterisks (*) represent the cancer patients while the triangles (Δ) represent the healthy controls.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Typical training results.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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