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Editorial
. 2019 Apr 5;29(4):123-124.
doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20180126. Epub 2018 Sep 15.

Long-term Trends in Prevalence of Neural Tube Defects in Japan

Takashi Yorifuji  1
Affiliations
Editorial

Long-term Trends in Prevalence of Neural Tube Defects in Japan

Takashi Yorifuji. J Epidemiol. .
No abstract available

Keywords: dietary supplements; folic acid; fortification of the food supply; long-term trend; neural tube defects; spina bifida.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Trends in prevalence and mortality under 1 year of age of neutral tube defects (NTDs), as well as infant mortality in Japan from 1994 to 2016. The units are one per 1,000 births for infant mortality, one per 100,000 births for mortality owing to NTDs and spina bifida, and one per 10,000 births for prevalence. The International Classification of Diseases-10 codes are Q00, Q01, and Q05 for NTDs and Q05 for spina bifida. Mortality information was obtained from Vital Statistics from Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare in Japan. Prevalence for NTDs (■) and spina bifida (▲) information was obtained from the Annual Report 2009–2014 published by the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research and prevalence before 2006 was average of the prevalence during the 5 years (eg, 5-year average of the prevalence from 2002 to 2006 is shown in 2004).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment on

References

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