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Review
. 2018 Sep 18;11(9):1555-1561.
doi: 10.18240/ijo.2018.09.21. eCollection 2018.

Application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology

Xue-Li Du  1 , Wen-Bo Li  1 , Bo-Jie Hu  1
Affiliations
Review

Application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology

Xue-Li Du et al. Int J Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Artificial intelligence is a general term that means to accomplish a task mainly by a computer, with the least human beings participation, and it is widely accepted as the invention of robots. With the development of this new technology, artificial intelligence has been one of the most influential information technology revolutions. We searched these English-language studies relative to ophthalmology published on PubMed and Springer databases. The application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology mainly concentrates on the diseases with a high incidence, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related or congenital cataract and few with retinal vein occlusion. According to the above studies, we conclude that the sensitivity of detection and accuracy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy ranged from 75% to 91.7%, for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy ranged from 75% to 94.7%, for age-related macular degeneration it ranged from 75% to 100%, for retinopathy of prematurity ranged over 95%, for retinal vein occlusion just one study reported ranged over 97%, for glaucoma ranged 63.7% to 93.1%, and for cataract it achieved a more than 70% similarity against clinical grading.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; deep learning; images processing; machine learning; ophthalmology.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. A fundus image is submitted to locate anatomic structures and lesions followed by feature extraction and analysis. The features are an index for searching the library to compare with similar images from database. It can also combine the patient's clinical metadata.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Illustration of the automated detection of macular fluid in OCT
The intraretinal cystoid fluid is marked in green, subretinal fluid is marked blue. AMD: Age-related macular degeneration; DME: Diabetic macular edema; RVO: Retinal vein occlusion.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Outline of the algorithm to segment the retinal layers of dry AMD.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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