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. 2018 Jun;110(6):558-567.
doi: 10.5935/abc.20180086.

Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation Precedes Elevations in Blood Pressure Induced by a High-Fat Diet

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Jorge Camargo Oishi  1 , Cynthia Aparecida Castro  1 , Karina Ana Silva  1 , Victor Fabricio  1 , Evelin Capelari Cárnio  2 , Shane A Phillips  3 , Ana Claudia Garcia de Oliveira Duarte  1 , Gerson Jhonatan Rodrigues  1
Affiliations

Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation Precedes Elevations in Blood Pressure Induced by a High-Fat Diet

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Jorge Camargo Oishi et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018 Jun.

Erratum in

  • Erratum.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] Arq Bras Cardiol. 2019 Jan;112(1):116. doi: 10.5935/abc.20190004. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2019. PMID: 30673026 Free PMC article.

Abstract

Background: Obesity leads to a chronic inflammatory state, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension.

Objective: To establish the time-course of events regarding inflammatory markers, endothelial dysfunction, systolic blood pressure (SBP) in obesity in only one experimental model.

Methods: We fed male Wistar rats (eight-week age) with a standard diet (Control - CT, n = 35), or palatable high-fat diet (HFD, n = 35) for 24 weeks. Every six weeks, 7 animals from each group were randomly selected for euthanasia. SBP and serum levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein, adiponectin and nitric oxide were determined. Endothelial and vascular smooth muscle functions were determined in dissected aorta and lipid peroxidation was measured. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines began to increase after six weeks of a high-fat diet, while those of the anti-inflammatory cytokine adiponectin decreased. Interestingly, the endothelial function and serum nitric oxide began to decrease after six weeks in HFD group. The SBP and lipid peroxidation began to increase at 12 weeks in HFD group. In addition, we showed that total visceral fat mass was negatively correlated with endothelial function and positively correlated with SBP.

Conclusion: Our results show the time-course of deleterious effects and their correlation with obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential Conflict of Interest

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Visceral adipose fat (VAT) in control (CT) and high-fat diet (HFD) groups over the weeks. *P < 0.05, compared with CT; + p < 0.05, within-group comparison (0 vs. 6, 6 vs. 12, 12 vs. 18, 18 vs. 24 weeks). Seven rats from each group were compared at each time point.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) (A), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (B), C-reactive protein (CRP) (C) and adiponectin (D) in the control (CT) and high-fat diet (HFD) groups over time. *P < 0.05, CT compared with HFD group; + p < 0.05, within-group comparison (0 vs. 6, 6 vs. 12, 12 vs. 18, 18 vs. 24 weeks). Seven rats from each group were compared at each time point
Figure 3
Figure 3
Concentration-response curve to acetylcholine (endothelium-dependent relaxation) in aortic rings of rats of the control (CT) (A) and high-fat diet (HFD) group (B) groups and half-maximal response pD2 (C) in both groups. *P < 0.05, CT compared with HFD group in each 6 weeks; + p < 0.05, within-group comparison (0 vs. 6, 6 vs. 12, 12 vs. 18, 18 vs. 24 weeks); seven rats from each group were compared at each time point
Figure 4
Figure 4
Serum nitric oxide (NO) concentration in rats of the control (CT) and high-fat diet (HFD) groups. *P < 0.05, compared with CT group; + p < 0.05, within-group comparison (0 vs. 6, 6 vs. 12, 12 vs. 18, 18 vs. 24 weeks); seven rats from each group were compared at each time point
Figure 5
Figure 5
Lipid peroxidation in aortic rings from rats of control (CT) and high-fat diet (HFD) groups. *P < 0.05, compared with CT group; + p < 0.05, within-group comparison (0 vs. 6, 6 vs. 12, 12 vs. 18, 18 vs. 24 weeks); seven rats from each group were compared at each time point. CHP: cumene hydroperoxide.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Systolic blood pressure in rats of control (CT) and high-fat diet (HFD) groups over 24 weeks. *P < 0.05, compared with CT group; + p < 0.05, within-group comparison (0 vs. 6, 6 vs. 12, 12 vs. 18, 18 vs. 24 weeks); seven rats from each group were compared at each time point
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