Monitoring Nutrient Status of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Adults and Nymphs on Summer Holly

Abstract

Halyomorpha halys (Stål), or brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), has become a major pest and nuisance for both agricultural growers and homeowners since its arrival in North America and Europe. The nutritional ecology of BMSB is important for understanding its life history and rearing requirements. However, little is known about the nutritional status of wild populations, especially in the U.S. This research monitored the nutrient status of nymphal and adult BMSB collected from English holly in western Oregon. We measured their weight, nutrient index (weight/(prothorax × width)³), lipid, glycogen and sugar levels and egg load from May⁻September/October. First, glycogen and sugar levels of adults were often lowest sometime in June-August with a general increase by September. Meanwhile, their lipid levels varied without a discernible trend. Second, adult females had few eggs in May, with the highest egg load in June and July, and no eggs by September. Lastly, first and second nymphal instars were found in June, and fourth and fifth instars in September. Because nothing is known about the nutrient levels of nymphs, the reported values from this survey can assist future research on physiological responses of BMSB to treatments or environmental impacts in the field.

Keywords: Halyomorpha halys; glycogen; lipid; nutritional ecology; nymphal development; sugar.

Figure 1

Average (±SE) weight (a,b); nutrient index (c,d); lipid (e,f); glycogen (g,h); sugar (i,j) and egg count (k,l) of BMSB adults collected from holly in Oregon in 2015–2016, respectively. Upper and lower case letters indicate monthly differences by Tukey HSD among females and males, respectively. Nutrient levels per wet weight in Table S1.

Figure 2

Average (± SE) of weight (a); nutrient index (b); prothorax (c); lipid (d); glycogen (e) and sugar (f) of the five nymphal instars of BMSB collected in 2015. Nutrient levels per wet weight in Table S1.