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. 2019 Jan;48(1):71-85.
doi: 10.1007/s10964-018-0929-z. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Developmental Change in Adolescent Delinquency: Modeling Time-Varying Effects of a Preventative Intervention and GABRA2 Halpotype Linked to Alcohol Use

Gabriel L Schlomer  1 , H Harrington Cleveland  2 , Arielle R Deutsch  3 , David J Vandenbergh  4 , Mark E Feinberg  5 , Mark T Greenberg  2   5 , Richard L Spoth  6 , Cleve Redmond  6
Affiliations

Developmental Change in Adolescent Delinquency: Modeling Time-Varying Effects of a Preventative Intervention and GABRA2 Halpotype Linked to Alcohol Use

Gabriel L Schlomer et al. J Youth Adolesc. 2019 Jan.

Abstract

Better integrating human developmental factors in genomic research is part of a set of next steps for testing gene-by-environment interaction hypotheses. This study adds to this work by extending prior research using time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) to evaluate the longitudinal associations between the PROSPER preventive intervention delivery system, a GABRA2 haplotype linked to alcohol use, and their interaction on adolescent delinquency. Logistic and Poisson analyses on eight waves of data spanning ages 11 to 19 (60% female, 90% Caucasian) showed the intervention reduced delinquency from ages 13 to 16. Moreover, interaction analysis revealed that the effect of the multicomponent intervention was significantly greater for T-allele carriers of the GABRA2 SNP rs279845, but only during the 13 to 16 age period. The results are discussed in terms of adolescent delinquency normativeness, implications for preventive intervention research, and the utility of incorporating development in GxE research.

Keywords: Delinquency; GABRA2; Genetic; GxE; Intervention.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Panel a odds ratio and upper and lower 95% confidence intervals of delinquent behavior vs. no delinquent behavior during adolescence. Panel b incident rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for more vs. less delinquency. Where confidence intervals do not include 1.0 indicates statistical significance (p < .05)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Time-varying effects of Intervention Status, rs279845, and Intervention Status*rs279845 for delinquency vs. no delinquency (left column, a-d) and more vs. less delinquency (right column, e-h). Figures d and h display simple effects of the interactions in c and g. Shaded portions indicate where lines significantly deviate from 1.0 (p < .05). OR odds ratio, IRR incident rate ratio
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Time-varying effects of Intervention Status*rs279845 for delinquency vs. no delinquency a and more vs. less delinquency b while controlling for covariates: alcohol misuse, PC1, sex, wave 1 free/reduced school lunch receipt, and wave 1 parent marital status. Shaded portions indicate where lines significantly deviate from 1.0 (p < .05). OR odds ratio, IRR incident rate ratio
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