Relationship of dietary fat, protein, cholesterol, and fiber intake to atherogenic lipoproteins in men

Abstract

Nutritional components (g/1000 kcal) obtained from 3-day diet records are compared to triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density (LDL), intermediate-density (IDL), and very low-density (VLDL) lipoprotein concentrations of 77 free-living men. Polyunsaturated-fatty acid consumption correlated negatively with concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL- and VLDL-cholesterol, and total-lipoprotein mass of smaller-LDL particles (Sf0 0-7), IDL (Sf0 12-20), and VLDL (Sf0 20-400) in serum and plasma. Animal-protein consumption correlated positively and plant-protein consumption correlated negatively with triglycerides, smaller-LDL mass, VLDL-cholesterol, and VLDL-mass levels. Serum concentrations of smaller-LDL particles were also positively correlated with dietary-cholesterol intake and negatively correlated with crude-fiber consumption. Thus, diet-lipoprotein relationships observed cross-culturally and experimentally are further supported when detailed dietary measurements from 3-day diet records and lipoprotein measurements from repeated blood samplings are correlated in free-living men.