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Comparative Study
. 2018 Sep 23;23(10):2432.
doi: 10.3390/molecules23102432.

Comparison of Antioxidant Activities of Different Grape Varieties

Qing Liu  1 , Guo-Yi Tang  2 , Cai-Ning Zhao  3 , Xiao-Ling Feng  4 , Xiao-Yu Xu  5 , Shi-Yu Cao  6 , Xiao Meng  7 , Sha Li  8 , Ren-You Gan  9 , Hua-Bin Li  10   11
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Comparison of Antioxidant Activities of Different Grape Varieties

Qing Liu et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Grapes are widely consumed in the world, and different grape varieties could exhibit distinctly different antioxidant activities. In this study, the free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities of lipophilic, hydrophilic, and insoluble-bound fractions from 30 grape varieties were evaluated by ferric-reducing antioxidant powers (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacities (TEAC), total phenolic contents (TPC), and total flavonoid contents (TFC). The results indicated that the 30 grape varieties exhibited diverse FRAP values (1.289⁻11.767 μmol Fe(II)/g FW), TEAC values (0.339⁻4.839 μmol Trolox/g FW), TPC values (0.294⁻1.407 mg GAE/g FW) and TFC values (0.082⁻0.132 mg QE/g FW). Several grapes, such as Pearl Black Grape (Xinjiang), Summer Black Grape (Shaanxi), Pearl Green Grape (Xinjiang), Seedless Green Grape (Xinjiang), and Seedless Red Grape (Yunnan), exhibited strong free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities, which could be consumed as good sources of natural antioxidants to prevent several diseases induced by oxidative stress, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Furthermore, several antioxidants were identified and quantified, including caffeic acid, catechin gallate, epicatechin, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid and rutin, which could contribute to the antioxidant activities of grapes.

Keywords: antioxidant activity; flavonoid; free radical-scavenging ability; fruit; grape; phenolics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
FRAP values of 30 grape pulps.
Figure 2
Figure 2
TEAC values of 30 grape pulps.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation between total antioxidant activities measured by the FRAP and TEAC assays.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Total phenolic contents (TPC) of 30 grape pulps.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chromatograms of the standard compounds (A) and grape pulp (B) under 276 nm. The numbers in brackets refer to the compounds: gallic acid (1); protocatechuic acid (2); gallo catechin (3); chlorogenic acid (4); cyanidin-3-glucoside (5); caffeic acid (6); epicatechin (7); catechin gallate (8); p-coumaric acid (9); ferulaic acid (10); melatonin (11); 2-hydroxycinnamic acid (12); rutin (13); resveratrol (14); daidzein (15); equol (16); quercetin (17); genistein (18).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Total flavonoid contents (TFC) of 30 grape pulps.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Correlation between total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Correlations between FRAP values (A), TEAC values (B) and total phenolic contents of the 30 grape varieties.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Correlations between FRAP values (A), TEAC values (B) and total flavonoid contents of the 30 grape varieties.
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