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. 2018 Mar 19;6(1):80-89.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.03.004. eCollection 2018 Jun.

Oxidative stress changes observed in selected organs of African giant rats (Cricetomys gambianus) exposed to sodium metavanadate

Ifukibot L Usende  1   2 , James O Olopade  2 , Benjamin O Emikpe  3 , Ademola A Oyagbemi  4 , Adeolu A Adedapo  5
Affiliations

Oxidative stress changes observed in selected organs of African giant rats (Cricetomys gambianus) exposed to sodium metavanadate

Ifukibot L Usende et al. Int J Vet Sci Med. .

Abstract

Vanadium is a contaminant of crude oil that released into the atmosphere through burning of fossil fuels. The mechanism by which it exerts toxic influences had not been fully elucidated in African giant rat (AGR). This study investigates the mechanisms of sodium metavanadate (SMV) induced oxidative stress in AGR. A total of 24 adult male AGR weighing 600-850 g were used. Animals were randomly divided into six groups. Groups 1, 3 and 5 served as control while groups 2, 4 and 6 were treated with intraperitoneal 3 mg/kg body weight of SMV for 3, 7 and 14 days, respectively. Serum, brain, liver, testes, kidneys, spleen and lungs were harvested for biochemical assays. SMV induced significant increase in malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, sulfhydryl (total thiol) and protein carbonyl levels but decreased non-protein thiol levels in tissues accessed. A significant decrease was observed in glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels in SMV treated rats compared to controls. Serum myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase and Advanced Oxidative Protein Products (AOPP) were markedly increased while nitrous oxide levels were significantly decreased in all treated groups. SMV exposure to AGR induced oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depletion of the antioxidant defence system. These conditions could become severe with prolonged exposure.

Keywords: Air-pollution; Glutathione; Oxidative-stress; Protein carbonyl; Sulfhydryl; Vanadium.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Effect of sodium metavanadate on Malondialdehyde formation (A), Protein carbonyl (B), Hydrogen peroxide generation (C) and reduced glutathione (D) in the brain of exposed African giant rats at three different time points compared to controls. Asterisk (*) indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) while NS indicates no significant difference when treated groups were compared to the controls.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effect of Sodium metavanadate on Malondialdehyde formation (A), Protein carbonyl (B), Hydrogen peroxide generation(C), and reduced glutathione (D) in the kidney of exposed African giant rats at three different time points compared to controls. Asterisk (*) indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) while NS indicates no significant difference when treated groups were compared to the controls.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Effect of Sodium metavanadate on Malondialdehyde formation (A), Protein carbonyl (B), Hydrogen peroxide generation(C), and reduced glutathione (D) in the testis of exposed African giant rats at three different time points compared to controls. Asterisk (*) indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) while NS indicates no significant difference when treated groups were compared to the controls.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Effect of sodium metavanadate on Malondialdehyde formation (A), Protein carbonyl (B), Hydrogen peroxide generation (C) and reduced glutathione (D) in the liver of exposed African giant rats at three different time points compared to controls. Asterisk (*) indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) while NS indicates no significant difference when treated groups were compared to the controls.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Effect of sodium metavanadate on Malondialdehyde formation (A), Protein carbonyl (B), Hydrogen peroxide generation (C) and reduced glutathione (D) in the spleen of exposed African giant rats at three different time points compared to controls. Asterisk (*) indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) while NS indicates no significant difference when treated groups were compared to the controls.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Effect of Sodium metavanadate on Malondialdehyde formation (A), Protein carbonyl (B), Hydrogen peroxide generation (C), and reduced glutathione (D) in the lungs of exposed African giant rats at three different time points compared to controls. Asterisk (*) indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) while NS indicates no significant difference when treated groups were compared to the controls.
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