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Review
. 2019 Jan;9(1):93-99.
doi: 10.1002/alr.22206. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

Sentinels at the wall: epithelial-derived cytokines serve as triggers of upper airway type 2 inflammation

Neil N Patel  1 , Michael A Kohanski  1 , Ivy W Maina  1 , Alan D Workman  1 , De'Broski R Herbert  2 , Noam A Cohen  1   3   4
Affiliations
Review

Sentinels at the wall: epithelial-derived cytokines serve as triggers of upper airway type 2 inflammation

Neil N Patel et al. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019 Jan.

Abstract

Recent evidence has demonstrated an expanding role of respiratory epithelial cells in immune surveillance and modulation. Studies have been focusing on the earliest events that link epithelial injury to downstream inflammatory responses. Cytokines produced by and released from respiratory epithelial cells are among these early trigger signals. Epithelial-derived cytokines, namely thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-25, and IL-33, have come to the forefront of recent investigations. Each of these 3 cytokines has been implicated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), asthma, and atopy. Herein we review studies elucidating the roles of epithelial-derived cytokines in the pathobiology of upper airway disease, with particular emphasis on type 2 inflammatory conditions.

Keywords: CRSwNP; IL-13; IL-25; mucosal immunity; type 2 inflammation.

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Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:
Epithelial-derived cytokines IL-33, TSLP, and IL-25 are released in the setting of epithelial injury or pathogenic challenge. These cytokines modulate innate and adaptive immune responses, including activation of ILC2 cells, which are key in eliciting Th2-mediated inflammation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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