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. 2018;22(8):952-958.
doi: 10.1007/s12603-018-1079-4.

Respiratory Muscle Strength as a Discriminator of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study

D G Ohara  1 , M S Pegorari, N L Oliveira Dos Santos, C de Fátima Ribeiro Silva, R L Monteiro, A P Matos, M Jamami
Affiliations

Respiratory Muscle Strength as a Discriminator of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study

D G Ohara et al. J Nutr Health Aging. 2018.

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the values obtained from maximum respiratory pressures (MRP) between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic elderly; to verify the association of maximum respiratory pressures with sarcopenia and its indicators; and to establish cut-off points for MRP as a discriminator of sarcopenia.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Location: Macapá, Brazil.

Participants: Community-dwelling elderly ≥ 60 years old, both sexes.

Measures: Evaluation of respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory pressure - MIP and maximal expiratory pressure - MEP) and sarcopenia, according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), in which the diagnosis of this condition considered the reduction of muscle mass (muscle mass index - MMI) associated with muscle strength reduction (hand grip strength - HGS) and / or impairment in physical performance (gait speed - GS).

Results: The sample consisted of 383 elderly individuals, with a mean age of 70.02 ± 7.3 years and a prevalence of sarcopenia of 12.53% (n = 48). Sarcopenic individuals presented significantly lower (obtained, obtained versus predicted) mean values for the maximal respiratory pressures compared to the non-sarcopenic elderly, and these were inversely associated with sarcopenia (an increase by 1 cmH2O in MIP and MEP reduced by 5% and 3%, respectively, the probability of sarcopenia). In relation to the association with the sarcopenia indicators, the increase by 1 cmH2O in MIP and MEP decreased, respectively, the probability of decreasing muscle strength (3% and 2%), GS (3% and 4%) and MMI (3 % - MIP). Cut-off points ≤60 cmH2O and ≤50 cmH2O for MEP and ≤55 cmH2O and ≤45 cmH2O for MEP, respectively for elderly men and women, served as a discriminant criterion for the presence of sarcopenia (area under the ROC curve superior to 0.70).

Conclusions: Elderly patients with sarcopenia had lower MIP and MEP values when compared to non-sarcopenic individuals, and respiratory muscle strength was inversely associated with the diagnosis of sarcopenia and its indicators (HGS, gait speed and MMI). Furthermore, cut-off points for MIP and MEP can be used in clinical practice as discriminators of sarcopenia in community-dwelling elderly.

Keywords: Sarcopenia; aged; muscle strength; respiratory function tests; respiratory muscles.

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Conflict of interest statement

There was no conflict of interest. This research was financed by the Foundation for Research Support of the State of Amapá (FAPEAP, Concession nº 250.203.029/2016).

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram representing the loss of the sample and final sample composition
Figure 2
Figure 2
Areas under the ROC curve for maximal respiratory pressures as discriminators for the presence of sarcopenia among elderly men (A) and women (B). Macapá, AP, Brazil, 2017 (n=383). AUC: area under the ROC curve; CI: confidence interval; MEP: Maximal expiratory pressures; MIP: Maximal inspiratory pressures
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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