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. 2018 Sep;61(9):291-300.
doi: 10.3345/kjp.2017.06100. Epub 2018 Sep 15.

The changes of prevalence and etiology of pediatric pneumonia from National Emergency Department Information System in Korea, between 2007 and 2014

Eun Ju Shin  1 , Yunsun Kim  2 , Jin-Young Jeong  3 , Yu Mi Jung  4 , Mi-Hee Lee  5 , Eun Hee Chung  6
Affiliations

The changes of prevalence and etiology of pediatric pneumonia from National Emergency Department Information System in Korea, between 2007 and 2014

Eun Ju Shin et al. Korean J Pediatr. 2018 Sep.

Abstract

Purpose: Understanding changes in pathogen and pneumonia prevalence among pediatric pneumonia patients is important for the prevention of infectious diseases.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of children younger than 18 years diagnosed with pneumonia at 117 Emergency Departments in Korea between 2007 and 2014.

Results: Over the study period, 329,380 pediatric cases of pneumonia were identified. The most frequent age group was 1-3 years old (48.6%) and the next was less than 12 months of age (17.4%). Based on International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision diagnostic codes, confirmed cases of viral pneumonia comprised 8.4% of all cases, pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae comprised 3.8% and confirmed cases of bacterial pneumonia 1.3%. The prevalence of confirmed bacterial pneumonia decreased from 3.07% in 2007 and 4.01% in 2008 to 0.65% in 2014. The yearly rate of pneumococcal pneumonia also decreased from 0.47% in 2007 to 0.08% in 2014. A periodic prevalence of M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MP) was identified.

Conclusion: The increased number of patients with pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, pleural effusion, and empyema in 2011 and 2013-2014 resulted from an MP epidemic. We provide evidence that the frequency of confirmed cases of bacterial pneumonia and pneumococcal pneumonia has declined from 2007 to 2014, which can simultaneously reflect the effectiveness of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

Keywords: Community acquired infections; Interrupted time series analysis; Pneumonia.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Monthly distribution of community-acquired pneumonia in children and adolescents younger than 18 years, January 2007 to December 2014, Korea.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Monthly distribution of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children and adolescents younger than 18 years, January 2007 to December 2014, Korea.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
The monthly incidence of bacterial pneumonia, pneumococcal pneumonia, pleural effusion and empyema in children and adolescents younger than 18 years per 100,000 population in 2008–2014 (Korean Statistical Information Service did not provide monthly population in 2007).
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Seasonal trend decomposition plot of monthly incidence for bacterial pneumonia and empyema in 2008–2014 (Korean Statistical Information Service did not provide monthly population in 2007).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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