Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2018 Sep 14;5(10):ofy228.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofy228. eCollection 2018 Oct.

Entities of Chronic and Granulomatous Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis: Separate or Not?

Ling-Hong Zhou  1 , Xuan Wang  1 , Rui-Ying Wang  1 , Hua-Zhen Zhao  1 , Ying-Kui Jiang  1 , Jia-Hui Cheng  1 , Li-Ping Huang  1 , Zhong-Qing Chen  2 , De-Hui Wang  3 , Li-Ping Zhu  1
Affiliations

Entities of Chronic and Granulomatous Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis: Separate or Not?

Ling-Hong Zhou et al. Open Forum Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Chronic and granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis are important causes of blindness and craniocerebral complications. However, the classification of these 2 diseases remains controversial.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with chronic and granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitus in a Chinese tertiary hospital from 2009 to 2017, with a focus on classification and comparisons.

Results: Among 55 patients enrolled in our study, 11 (11/55, 20%) had granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (GIFRS) and 44 (44/55, 80%) had chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (CIFRS). Aspergillus fumigatus and Dematiaceous hyphomycetes were identified in 2 patients with GIFRS. Compared with granulomatous type, CIFRS was more frequently encountered in immunocompromised patients (P = .022), and the time from onset to diagnosis was much shorter (P = .001). Proptosis and orbital apex syndrome showed no significant difference between granulomatous and CIFRS in our study. The treatment options and prognosis of both diseases also showed no significant difference.

Conclusions: Despite the consensus on histopathology, the classification of the chronic and granulomatous types may need further evaluation in clinical considerations.

Keywords: chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis; classification; granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Number of GIFRS and CIFRS cases diagnosed per year. Abbreviations: CIFRS, chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis; GIFRS, granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Chakrabarti A, Das A, Panda NK. Overview of fungal rhinosinusitis. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004; 56:251–8. - PMC - PubMed
    1. deShazo RD, Chapin K, Swain RE. Fungal sinusitis. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:254–9. - PubMed
    1. Drakos PE, Nagler A, Or R, et al. . Invasive fungal sinusitis in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1993; 12:203–8. - PubMed
    1. Chakrabarti A, Denning DW, Ferguson BJ, et al. . Fungal rhinosinusitis: a categorization and definitional schema addressing current controversies. Laryngoscope 2009; 119:1809–18. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Guarner J, Brandt ME. Histopathologic diagnosis of fungal infections in the 21st century. Clin Microbiol Rev 2011; 24:247–80. - PMC - PubMed