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. 2018 Oct 15;8(1):15266.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33325-x.

Hearing impairment and the risk of neurodegenerative dementia: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort

So Young Kim  1 , Jae-Sung Lim  2 , Il Gyu Kong  3 , Hyo Geun Choi  4
Affiliations

Hearing impairment and the risk of neurodegenerative dementia: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort

So Young Kim et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the risk of dementia in a middle- and older-aged population with severe or profound hearing impairments. Data were collected for the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort from 2002 to 2013. Participants aged 40 or older were selected. The 4,432 severely hearing-impaired participants were matched 1:4 with 17,728 controls, and the 958 profoundly hearing-impaired participants were matched 1:4 with 3,832 controls who had not reported any hearing impairment. Age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia histories were matched between hearing-impaired and control groups. The crude (simple) and adjusted (age, sex, income, region of residence, dementia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and depression) hazard ratios (HRs) of hearing impairment on dementia were analyzed using Cox-proportional hazard models. The severe hearing impairment group showed an increased risk of dementia (adjusted HR = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-1.31, P = 0.010). The profound hearing impairment group also showed an increased risk of dementia (adjusted HR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.14-2.00, P = 0.004). Both severe and profound hearing impairments were associated with elevated the risk of dementia in middle- and older-aged individuals.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A schematic illustration of the participant selection process that was used in the present study. Out of a total of 1,025,340 participants, 5,135 severely hearing-impaired and 1,390 profoundly hearing-impaired participants were selected. The hearing-impaired participants were matched 1:4 with a control group that did not have a diagnosed hearing impairment. Finally, 4,432 severely hearing-impaired and 17,728 control participants and 958 profoundly hearing-impaired and 3,832 control participants were included.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that both the groups with severe (A) and profound (B) hearing impairment demonstrated a higher cumulative rate of dementia than the control groups
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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