Gastrointestinal Development: Implications for Management of Preterm and Term Infants

Abstract

The gastrointestinal (GI) system provides digestive, absorptive, neuroendocrine, and immunologic functions to support overall health. If normal development is interrupted, a variety of complications and disease can arise. This article explores normal development of the GI tract and specific clinical challenges pertinent to preterm and term infants. Specific topics include abnormal motility, gastroesophageal reflux, current feeding recommendations for preterm infants, effects of parenteral nutrition, and the relationship between the GI tract and the immune system.

Keywords: Gastroesophageal reflux; Gastrointestinal motility; Inflammation; Microbiome; Neonatal nutrition.