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. 2019 Feb;35(2):e3087.
doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3087. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Adipose tissue expression of CCL19 chemokine is positively associated with insulin resistance

Shihab Kochumon  1 , Fatema Al-Rashed  1 , Mohamed Abu-Farha  2 , Sriraman Devarajan  3 , Jaakko Tuomilehto  1   2   3 , Rasheed Ahmad  1
Affiliations

Adipose tissue expression of CCL19 chemokine is positively associated with insulin resistance

Shihab Kochumon et al. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2019 Feb.

Abstract

Background: Chemokines produced by adipose tissue (AT) are involved in the development of chronic low-grade inflammation in obese humans and rodents. AT CCL19 expression in obesity and its association with metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CCL19 gene expression on inflammatory markers in subcutaneous AT and insulin resistance.

Methods: Subcutaneous adipose samples were collected from 56 non-diabetic (26-obese, 21-overweight, and 9-lean) individuals. Expression of CCL19 and inflammatory markers was determined using real-time RT-PCR. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin were measured by ELISA. Insulin sensitivity was assessed using homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA).

Results: CCL19 expression was significantly higher in obese compared with lean individuals (P < 0.034). The elevated expression of CCL19 associated positively with body mass index (r = 0.253; P = 0.049). CCL19 expression correlated positively with IL-8 (r = 0.39; P = 0.006), IL-12 (r = 0.43; P = 0.003), IP-10 (r = 0.25; P = 0.07), CCL5 (r = 0.37; P = 0.011), CCR2 (r = 0.44; P = 0.001), and CCR5 (r = 0.35; P = 0.009). Additionally, CCL19 was positively correlated with triglycerides (TG: r = 0.41; P = 0.001), fasting blood glucose (FBG: r = 0.49; P < 0.0001), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c: r = 0.396; P = 0.001), and CRP (r = 0.387; P = 0.019) whereas it had negative association with HDL cholesterol (r = -0.282; P = 0.035) and adiponectin (-0.393; P = 0.019). Notably, HOMA-IR correlated positively with CCL19 (r = 0.38; P = 0.01). In multiple regression analysis, CCL19 is an independent predictor of IL-8 and IL-12.

Conclusions: These data demonstrate that increased AT expression of CCL19 in obesity may represent a molecular link between metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance.

Keywords: CCL19; adipose tissue; insulin resistance; metabolic inflammation; obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Increased adipose tissue CCL19 gene expression in obese individual. Adipose tissue samples were obtained from 56 individuals. Samples were divided into lean, overweight, and obese sub‐groups. Total cellular RNA was isolated from adipose tissue, and CCL19 gene expression was determined by real time RT‐PCR. Relative mRNA expression was presented as fold change. A, Each dot represents the individual value of CCL19, and the line represents mean value. B, CCL19 levels in each group were shown in bar graph. C, Correlation between CCL19 gene expression and BMI (kg/m2). Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis between groups was done using two‐tailed Student's t‐test. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant
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