Dyslexia as a Neurodevelopmental Disorder and What Makes It Different from a Chess Disorder

Gorka FragaGonzález^{1

2

3}, Iliana I Karipidis^{4

5}, Jurgen Tijms^{6

7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands. gorka.fragagonzalez@uzh.ch.
² Rudolf Berlin Center, 44401 Amsterdam, The Netherlands. gorka.fragagonzalez@uzh.ch.
³ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. gorka.fragagonzalez@uzh.ch.
⁴ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. iliana.karipidis@kjpd.uzh.ch.
⁵ Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. iliana.karipidis@kjpd.uzh.ch.
⁶ Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jurgentijms@gmail.com.
⁷ Rudolf Berlin Center, 44401 Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jurgentijms@gmail.com.
⁸ IWAL Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jurgentijms@gmail.com.

PMID: 30347764
PMCID: PMC6209961
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8100189

Dyslexia as a Neurodevelopmental Disorder and What Makes It Different from a Chess Disorder

Gorka FragaGonzález et al. Brain Sci. 2018.

. 2018 Oct 19;8(10):189.

doi: 10.3390/brainsci8100189.

Authors

Gorka FragaGonzález^{1

2

3}, Iliana I Karipidis^{4

5}, Jurgen Tijms^{6

7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands. gorka.fragagonzalez@uzh.ch.
² Rudolf Berlin Center, 44401 Amsterdam, The Netherlands. gorka.fragagonzalez@uzh.ch.
³ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. gorka.fragagonzalez@uzh.ch.
⁴ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. iliana.karipidis@kjpd.uzh.ch.
⁵ Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. iliana.karipidis@kjpd.uzh.ch.
⁶ Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jurgentijms@gmail.com.
⁷ Rudolf Berlin Center, 44401 Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jurgentijms@gmail.com.
⁸ IWAL Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jurgentijms@gmail.com.

PMID: 30347764
PMCID: PMC6209961
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8100189

Abstract

The convenience of referring to dyslexia as a neurodevelopmental disorder has been repeatedly brought into question. In this opinion article, we argue in favor of the current diagnosis of dyslexia based on the criteria of harm and dysfunction. We discuss the favorable clinical and educational outcomes of a neuroscience-informed approach of dyslexia as a disorder. Furthermore, we discuss insights derived from neuroimaging studies and their importance to address problems related to developmental dyslexia.

Keywords: disorder; dyslexia; neurodevelopmental.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Cited by

Long-term Memory Testing in Children With Typical Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Remote Web-based Image Task Feasibility Study.
Bui TA, Rosenfelt CS, Whitlock KH, Leclercq M, Weber S, Droit A, Wiebe SA, Pei J, Bolduc FV. Bui TA, et al. JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2023 May 8;6:e39720. doi: 10.2196/39720. JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2023. PMID: 37155237 Free PMC article.
Developmental dyslexia in children with perinatal exposure to hypoxia: A systematic review.
Radtke BM, Lipowska M, Bieleninik Ł, Łada-Maśko A, Krempla-Patron K, Nowicki R, Gradys G, Brykała A, Pacuła J, Arasimowicz M, Sajewicz-Radtke U. Radtke BM, et al. PLoS One. 2024 Sep 12;19(9):e0308497. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308497. eCollection 2024. PLoS One. 2024. PMID: 39264879 Free PMC article.
Dyslexia: Still Not a Neurodevelopmental Disorder.
Protopapas A, Parrila R. Protopapas A, et al. Brain Sci. 2019 Jan 10;9(1):9. doi: 10.3390/brainsci9010009. Brain Sci. 2019. PMID: 30634674 Free PMC article.
(Swiss) GraphoLearn: an app-based tool to support beginning readers.
Mehringer H, Fraga-González G, Pleisch G, Röthlisberger M, Aepli F, Keller V, Karipidis II, Brem S. Mehringer H, et al. Res Pract Technol Enhanc Learn. 2020;15(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s41039-020-0125-0. Epub 2020 Feb 28. Res Pract Technol Enhanc Learn. 2020. PMID: 32175013 Free PMC article.
Silent versus Reading Out Loud modes: An eye-tracking study.
Smyrnakis I, Andreadakis V, Rina A, Bοufachrentin N, Aslanides IM. Smyrnakis I, et al. J Eye Mov Res. 2021 Oct 21;14(2):10.16910/jemr.14.2.1. doi: 10.16910/jemr.14.2.1. eCollection 2021. J Eye Mov Res. 2021. PMID: 34745441 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Landerl K., Ramus F., Moll K., Lyytinen H., Leppänen P.H.T., Lohvansuu K., O’Donovan M., Williams J., Bartling J., Bruder J., et al. Predictors of developmental dyslexia in European orthographies with varying complexity. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry. 2013;54:686–694. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12029. - DOI - PubMed
1. Peterson R.L., Pennington B.F. Developmental Dyslexia. Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol. 2015;11:283–307. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112842. - DOI - PubMed
1. Elliott J.G. Dyslexia: Diagnoses, debates and diatribes. Educ. Can. 2006;46:14–17.
1. Protopapas A., Parrila R. Is Dyslexia a Brain Disorder? Brain Sci. 2018;8:61. doi: 10.3390/brainsci8040061. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Lopes J. Biologising reading problems: The specific case of dyslexia. Contemp. Soc. Sci. 2012;7:215–229. doi: 10.1080/21582041.2012.692098. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Dyslexia as a Neurodevelopmental Disorder and What Makes It Different from a Chess Disorder

Affiliations

Dyslexia as a Neurodevelopmental Disorder and What Makes It Different from a Chess Disorder

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Similar articles

Cited by

References

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Related information

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources