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. 2018 Oct 11:10:211-220.
doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S173648. eCollection 2018.

Force degradation trend of latex and nonlatex orthodontic elastics after 48 hours stretching

I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani  1 , Bintiana Susanti  2 , Irwadi Djaharu'ddin  1
Affiliations

Force degradation trend of latex and nonlatex orthodontic elastics after 48 hours stretching

I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani et al. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. .

Abstract

Background: Two types of orthodontic elastics exist based on their material, latex and nonlatex, each of which has different properties in clinical use. Some of the differences include their initial force and force degradation over time. This study was conducted to compare the force changes in both materials.

Aim: To evaluate the force degradation of latex and nonlatex elastics under moderate stretching over time.

Methods: Medium-force orthodontic latex and nonlatex elastics from American Orthodontics (AO) and Ortho Technology (OT) of lumen size 1/4 inches and 3/16 inches (total sample 110 elastics) were submerged in artificial saliva (pH 6.7) and incubated for 48 hours. Then, the elastic force was measured at the following time intervals: initial, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. Orthodontic latex and nonlatex elastics from AO and OT were analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray to know the chemical bond structure and elements.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference between latex and nonlatex force degradation over a period of 0-24 hours (P<0.05), while no significant difference existed between 24-48 hours (P>0.05). Force degradation of latex elastics was higher than that of nonlatex elastics. Energy-dispersive X-ray results on nonlatex elastic bands from OT and AO showed higher C element in the latex elastic band from OT, while the latex elastic band from AO had higher Al element.

Conclusion: Medium-force latex and nonlatex elastics 1/4 inches and 3/16 inches in size both showed force degradation at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24-hour intervals under 30 mm stretching when kept in artificial saliva (pH 6.7) and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours.

Keywords: force degradation; latex; medium force; nonlatex; orthodontic elastics.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Average and SD of latex and nonlatex elastics tensile force 0–6 hours. Abbreviations: AO, American Orthodontics; L, latex; NL, nonlatex; OT, Ortho Technology.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Force degradation trend for 1/4 inch AO latex and nonlatex elastics over time. Abbreviations: AO, American Orthodontics; L, latex; NL, nonlatex.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Force degradation trend for 1/4 inch OT latex and nonlatex elastics over time. Abbreviations: L, latex; NL, nonlatex; OT, Ortho Technology.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Force degradation trend for 3/16 inch AO latex and nonlatex elastics over time. Abbreviations: AO, American Orthodontics; L, latex; NL, nonlatex.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Force degradation trend for 3/16 inch OT latex and nonlatex elastics over time. Abbreviations: L, latex; NL, nonlatex; OT, Ortho Technology.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Results of the FTIR analysis on OT nonlatex elastic band. Abbreviations: FTIR, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy; OT, Ortho Technology.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Results of the FTIR analysis on OT latex elastic band. Abbreviations: FTIR, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy; OT, Ortho Technology.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Results of the FTIR analysis on AO latex elastic band. Abbreviations: AO, American Orthodontics; FTIR, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Results of the FTIR analysis on AO nonlatex elastic band. Abbreviations: AO, American Orthodontics; FTIR, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Results of the EDX analysis on OT nonlatex elastic band. Abbreviations: EDX, energy-dispersive X-ray; OT, Ortho Technology; KCnt, thermal conductivity carbon nano tubes.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Results of the EDX analysis on AO nonlatex elastic band. Abbreviations: AO, American Orthodontics; EDX, energy-dispersive X-ray; KCnt, thermal conductivity carbon nano tubes.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Results of the EDX analysis on OT latex elastic band. Abbreviations: EDX, energy-dispersive X-ray; OT, Ortho Technology; KCnt, thermal conductivity carbon nano tubes.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Results of the EDX analysis on AO latex elastic band. Abbreviations: AO, American Orthodontics; EDX, energy-dispersive X-ray; KCnt, thermal conductivity carbon nano tubes.
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