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. 2018 Oct 24;23(1):51.
doi: 10.1186/s12199-018-0742-z.

Predicting vitamin E and C consumption intentions and behaviors among factory workers based on protection motivation theory

Sahar Mohammad Nabizadeh  1 , Parvaneh Taymoori  2 , Mohammad Saleh Hazhir  3 , Mehra Shirazi  4 , Daem Roshani  5 , Behzad Shahmoradi  1
Affiliations

Predicting vitamin E and C consumption intentions and behaviors among factory workers based on protection motivation theory

Sahar Mohammad Nabizadeh et al. Environ Health Prev Med. .

Abstract

Background: Study of antioxidant vitamin consumption behavior, especially in high-risk groups with high exposure to toxic metals to reduce metal toxicity, is emphasized. This study aims to examine the structural relationships between knowledge, protection motivation theory constructs, and vitamin E and C consumption behavior among cement factory workers.

Methods: Protection motivation theory and food frequency questionnaires were completed by 420 factory workers. Data were subjected to structural equation modeling to examine associations between knowledge, protection motivation theory constructs, and vitamin E and C consumption behavior. Efficacy of current recommended models was also explored.

Results: Structural equation modeling showed high explained variance within the constructs of protection motivation theory for vitamin E and C consumption behavior and intention (56-76%). The overall fit of the structural models was acceptable for both vitamin E and C behavior. Knowledge, self-efficacy, response efficacy, and perceived vulnerability predicted intention, which in turn predicted vitamin consumption behavior. Significant relationships between knowledge and self-efficacy, response efficacy, perceived vulnerability, and perceived severity were also found, while self-efficacy and response efficacy showed significant relationships with vitamin E and C consumption behavior.

Conclusions: Considering that response efficacy, self-efficacy, and intention showed as strong predictors of vitamin E and C consumption behavior, specific attention should be paid to coping appraisals and intention when designing intervention plans. Additionally, establishing the predicting role of knowledge for protection motivation theory constructs and protective behaviors should be integrated into intervention programs.

Keywords: Protection motivation theory; Structural equation modeling; Vitamin C; Vitamin E.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences ethics board (Number: Rec.ir.muk1395.70) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study on the basis of a procedure that is officially approved by the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Path diagram of the hypothesized relationships. H, hypothesis
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
PMT path model showing the significant standardized beta coefficients of vitamin C behavior
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
PMT path model showing the significant standardized beta coefficients of vitamin E behavior
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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