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. 2018 Sep 26:2018:3439048.
doi: 10.1155/2018/3439048. eCollection 2018.

Leaf Extracts of Aerva lanata Inhibit the Activities of Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes and Possess Antioxidant Properties

Musbau Adewunmi Akanji  1 , Samson Olasunkanmi Olukolu  2 , Mutiu Idowu Kazeem  2
Affiliations

Leaf Extracts of Aerva lanata Inhibit the Activities of Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes and Possess Antioxidant Properties

Musbau Adewunmi Akanji et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. .

Abstract

The leaves of Aerva lanata are one of the indigenous medicinal plants used in the management of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in Africa. However, its effect on the activities of diabetes-related enzymes has not been investigated. This study evaluated the in vitro inhibitory effects of different extracts of the A. lanata leaf on the activities of diabetes-related enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and chemically induced free radicals. Aqueous, ethanol, and hydroethanol extracts of A. lanata leaves were subjected to a standard enzyme inhibition assay followed by determination of modes of inhibition of the enzymes. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS). The results obtained showed that the hydroethanol extract of the A. lanata leaf optimally inhibited both α-amylase (IC50: 2.42 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50: 0.23 mg/mL). The Lineweaver-Burk plot revealed that the mode of inhibition of both enzymes by the hydroethanol extract was uncompetitive. However, the hydroethanol and aqueous extracts displayed the best DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging ability, respectively. It can be concluded that the A. lanata extract inhibited the activities of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase uncompetitively, which may be attributed to its free radical-scavenging properties and rich phenolic composition.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Inhibitory effects of leaf extracts of Aerva lanata on the activities of (a) α-amylase and (b) α-glucosidase. Bars carrying different letters at the same concentration are significantly different (p < 0.05).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mode of inhibition of (a) α-amylase and (b) α-glucosidase by the hydroethanol extract of the Aerva lanata leaf.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) DPPH and (b) ABTS radical-scavenging abilities of leaf extracts of Aerva lanata. Bars carrying different letters at the same concentration are significantly different (p < 0.05).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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