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. 2018 Jan;7(1):50-57.
doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.10.007. Epub 2016 Oct 24.

Matched or nonmatched interventions based on the transtheoretical model to promote physical activity. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Ahmed Jerôme Romain  1   2   3 , Catherine Bortolon  1   2   4 , Mathieu Gourlan  1   2   5 , Marion Carayol  1   2 , Emmanuelle Decker  1   2 , Olivier Lareyre  1   2   5 , Grégory Ninot  1   2 , Julie Boiché  1   2 , Paquito Bernard  1   2   6   7   8
Affiliations

Matched or nonmatched interventions based on the transtheoretical model to promote physical activity. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Ahmed Jerôme Romain et al. J Sport Health Sci. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine whether the efficacy of transtheoretical model (TTM)-based interventions on physical activity (PA) varied according to the following criteria: (1) interventions targeted the actual stages of change (SOCs) or did not; (2) participants were selected according to their SOC or were not; and (3) its theoretical constructs (decisional balance, temptation, self-efficacy, processes of change).

Methods: Thirty-three randomized controlled trials assessing TTM-based interventions promoting PA in adults were systematically identified.

Results: The between-group heterogeneity statistic (Qb) did not reveal any differential efficacy either in interventions targeting the actual SOC compared with those that did not (Qb = 1.48, p = 0.22) or in interventions selecting participants according to their SOC compared with those that did not (Qb = 0.01, p = 0.91). TTM-based interventions enhanced PA behavior whether they targeted the actual SOC (Cohen's d = 0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22-0.49) or not (d = 0.23; 95%CI: 0.09-0.38) and whether they selected their participants according to their SOC (d = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.13-0.53) or not (d = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.19-0.44). The moderators of the efficacy of TTM-based interventions were the number of theoretical constructs used to tailor the intervention (Qb = 8.82, p = 0.003), the use of self-efficacy (Qb = 6.09, p = 0.01), and the processes of change (Qb = 3.51, p = 0.06).

Conclusion: TTM-based interventions significantly improved PA behavior, and their efficacy was not moderated by SOC but by the TTM theoretical constructs.

Keywords: Exercise; Interventions; Meta-regression; Moderators; Processes of change; Stages of change; Theory-based.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Funnel plot of publication bias. SE = standard error.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot of stage-matched interventions. Full references for the study names appear in the online supplemental material. CI = confidence interval; Std diff = standard difference; TTM = transtheoretical model.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plot of stage-selection interventions. Full references for the study names appear in the online supplemental material. CI = confidence interval; Std diff = standard difference; TTM = transtheoretical model.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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